Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services* q v6 L# j" N$ U7 @1 @# Z
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and2 e3 {- z3 R) t2 k& y# o) m
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
8 q, \+ T4 U$ Q3 x$ ^undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
( t& @+ N3 A. E0 Y! l Sstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or ) W: \9 b6 ?' A9 G* C- {
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
: b( T) F& X' o' z+ ~5 j6 Hto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, " C7 Q2 C' M/ t) g+ V1 e. f
these services are:( l3 F0 `% O, H
1 O9 o3 N/ S0 r4 H" @课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
1 I& Q, Z& ~1 N+ ?9 d6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
5 ^+ e# D* w+ M( F6 o Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
. P8 c9 K! C# m2 s0 v2 K9 ? = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …, }" m3 X; u. [. Q" d
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
+ E: g3 l# D. ^" t* P( D7 L 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”0 {" @- s, o3 I
6.1.2 attend ) U0 o: T7 C+ O$ J3 X& {" @
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
1 [) O4 w3 t/ K; Z% x; ^# B (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
6 I' r; s" \4 [. T7 \ 例如: attend to one’s work
2 ~; g+ V/ R1 I/ c5 L (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
4 e- R7 ~0 A8 K (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
8 J; q/ Q6 V4 a. S- |8 z. K0 ^ 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities$ Z3 U! ?6 O/ X @. J/ I
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续), i+ K6 N2 i( q- b# q4 a+ Q
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
2 g+ y* S; x" |8 v8 V m. V9 ` procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
% o X' E4 y+ M8 u0 M6 z; s (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)9 t* G$ c& Z/ \/ Q! c/ V
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
4 w0 n5 ?7 e# p9 @) F7 ~ documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
+ e. |# v7 m+ H7 p 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)+ u! O6 B( c* ]" N" ]
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
f) |5 p: I- N7 }2 n (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)/ s5 P, Z G- z# s: e e
the customs formalities (海关手续)& ?% Y% ?, i( Y+ `* b9 N/ @
go through due formalities (经过正式手续) l, _* P$ Z X! U* e. a: {- N6 F
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
7 m) z; |' d- R) e: E 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
% X* X$ E5 R# b* u( ~ 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
F, O+ B3 X; q1 Y) G 繁杂手续的话…
- p' D% o M3 q: d* F6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: ' q7 C9 t1 I( h# [3 f
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement + n+ t* v- X8 G$ T0 W
of goods...5 N* G, ]/ n) u" W0 N
$ A8 M. l; n+ o3 B8 z 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
: L" \- A6 _9 ~( J. J+ V 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
: R7 ^0 u7 e& D7 W/ b* { the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
. G. |% J. |. w2 W0 @ 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. , W3 a2 e4 ]2 I5 E
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:# u0 U. S y8 E& U2 {
(1) process 名词.
7 C9 b3 d/ G6 _' W9 [& ~+ `0 b process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
+ v* U0 R* N T J 例如: distribution process
4 u& {5 A3 e# F4 \ (2) process 动词.
# v4 E1 i: ~" P5 f process = to prepare and examine in details. E% }! F4 U% R3 w3 C1 t
例如: process the movement of goods n% }0 m+ [' [) [ p1 D
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
5 L8 }- W5 i* {. l0 L ... through the various stages involved.
% ]! ~% c- E- {- a" P4 F 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action% r# ]7 p! E9 E9 t9 s' I
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:) \0 o9 N" Q+ k6 J. J; y5 I' _) O2 u% }
(1) 使...陷入,拖累9 t! f+ Q6 A% W
(2) 包围,笼罩9 F& q z1 _$ E
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
! M8 l6 X$ p0 h0 P7 i' I7. 句子:
% t8 Q ]! q: |; b The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through ( {& ^/ r4 i6 @$ J( v' V
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
9 |, n" P# i( U 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
7 T7 l0 q( ~2 R+ X, n 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.3 b) j; R" \0 l. ^
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思8 N* I$ X0 I1 v8 J' M
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
! N1 I3 C; x5 |0 @; g7 g; f submarine (潜水艇)* ]1 F8 t+ L* G8 j
subway(地铁)
: D$ C7 C' y& v* M 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的% r* Y- V5 o; c) a0 ]+ c
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
0 D) m6 t7 |8 K) t1 t+ h7 e/ o1 v$ L* H 给第三者而签订的合同)- Z/ R8 A4 r% ~
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
& l6 S `& J/ ?( j subagent 副代理人+ M( q- s* ~1 ~4 Q, B& `1 q- q$ m; s
subcontinent 次大陆 ( z' M* a3 S& ~# e+ ~" t
subsonic 亚音速
+ D1 z4 P" {. \ subroutine 子程序
/ ?3 R9 P2 Y0 U 7.2 关于这个 through :2 G' d0 |) _( w( u: d
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.( ]+ Q9 Z9 i' x4 [; k
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
8 c/ Z: {+ x0 v- _; [ "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
) S+ X0 p3 A% E3 F 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.+ i/ M, G) `0 N5 L* m x' c
这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
) Z, t9 c1 B+ U through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
! @4 k, D& F( T* o) N through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)( s9 g5 Z& E& ?( U0 O. z/ I
8. 句子:
$ k9 d7 c; ~, m7 a/ r He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his * V9 X- X; j- Q' `% o" N% G" u! p$ d
overseas agents. 在句子中:
" a( k& r0 s3 |0 R- D' J 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
$ g' t- Q) z6 ~6 q 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)5 k& V/ o7 L6 Q2 x0 d- ?
其形容词: utilizable
( C) ]: X+ D4 h+ B6 O9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
; w& I4 n6 f. v5 N3 e8 ^0 \9 d- Y briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
% Q) a9 T8 }% a9 a. z% H |