Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services1 [3 T! _( V, ?2 N. s' ~
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
" {4 C/ j! [9 T+ J4 g" p& {documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
* n: B6 [' h# j3 pundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
) L2 p% e, H1 k Q l) kstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
2 c! o7 s$ \8 t" V8 X3 \' H1 P; x, Ithrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
- n5 V) z2 Y- E! O v0 e2 Z: c! ^& rto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
4 Y+ Y n! V& ithese services are: H p! s6 }3 A$ K8 F
# E" s6 l* k- z S
课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
# _/ q; O- Y% j! w% K2 G! @, | P: v6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: ( P% X7 U$ ?* a
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
2 [* {( N' { @' Z' h1 ^# z5 W = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …7 |0 s5 |7 Y0 y) k
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
( r3 k9 z2 K, G+ w7 _ 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”+ m3 e* f, A$ O% Y. v1 X; ~2 c [
6.1.2 attend
0 @+ N) k: O5 r3 h E6 |" ]! i9 h2 f (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting ( d1 K0 o8 t0 ]/ |& S5 E
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
7 E% ` C3 }3 l# l A 例如: attend to one’s work 8 F5 E t1 T+ D/ }4 A7 G6 U" M3 i
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
. J3 x1 q& g9 o5 K0 f( F (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
# C+ i6 `( l# m5 @* s% w- f7 }/ W 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities( F9 |4 w6 w4 U: W9 Z9 B* Q, L
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)3 C' {. w. X2 z( A0 K7 y
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
+ J: P+ W: o: y procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
2 S4 H, k7 F# q+ t0 i3 F (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
: w8 o$ E' l) c. E4 p! y2 K( [7 b4 ^ documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
9 P2 t) I9 G3 `9 k1 b documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, 8 n' J; `6 C0 C) \. p
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)1 L! c! W, I9 o+ u7 b5 K
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” . P0 L0 }( I6 m; c( \' b6 X
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
/ Q* z7 k& E, ^& R6 O4 s the customs formalities (海关手续)9 m9 ~2 p9 R+ O8 l
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
- `' i9 y8 p: Y/ }, A- U! U句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:; T2 ^! c) H1 L. f! L2 g/ c; M
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
# J, t% N# s9 C* j& ~9 v0 M 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些# N5 c- F ^8 M
繁杂手续的话…
* N) w/ F% q7 }6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 8 q, @+ \9 z9 ~# }% x4 d+ X. ]
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
) [* l% K! l9 h% S' m3 F of goods...
3 n3 K+ G7 A0 b5 N) k ! d8 V9 w+ n; ]; _* j3 I
6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构1 R5 r# b3 p2 U/ g2 Y2 o
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调: Q8 e4 g4 q. E% B8 U
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”4 P* R7 o3 f% p. \. H
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
3 `& V! G% F/ q/ r+ `* j 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:4 c' w! d v. j' K( O
(1) process 名词. 5 W1 I' D+ K/ k G+ r1 i# d
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken4 \ S" ?1 ~6 g6 `0 X* J
例如: distribution process) B9 O$ E& i( b+ x. D
(2) process 动词.$ p- ]5 B! M* \ j3 P
process = to prepare and examine in details
) L R( V# K* d 例如: process the movement of goods
8 x1 K( }, e3 r; F0 w句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
4 o6 m; X4 e0 v* N# V ... through the various stages involved. 8 @# }/ x# U# M3 G' v/ ~
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action9 B8 J& o) W' u* {* o% [- a
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
: _- x8 A! a. H (1) 使...陷入,拖累! V& D$ a' h& y
(2) 包围,笼罩6 a. o- d W- d! l9 N0 J
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思/ T, H! X& g" a: j( f/ M5 g
7. 句子:
- q$ g- d) y8 [4 W9 i The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
; g5 T( t& i" z$ Y g3 u; ` subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:8 P6 Q6 p/ B( a- W6 @5 \
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:& t: ~7 }% s- g' |0 v9 W2 V) m
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
0 A) w" M z5 {! W2 w 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思8 X f- u- W% x" j K
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的' S5 D0 }: ^! V9 K; h) x8 Y7 O9 U$ c
submarine (潜水艇)
" N7 x6 F' |' H V) z8 a subway(地铁)8 q+ z+ N2 i c8 o* o; m" j5 a! u
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的$ ?# ~# a2 \/ q ?
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
* z6 _6 w/ C& e) X 给第三者而签订的合同)
4 Q$ d- M3 Z3 q6 o) D subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
" H' N% p. ]1 G: T& I subagent 副代理人6 A, z1 D$ S" T( b
subcontinent 次大陆 ' D+ A b# }' A0 z% B9 M
subsonic 亚音速5 u0 }! X3 D' Y# p/ w9 h
subroutine 子程序
/ u6 ?: A |3 Y( |) N 7.2 关于这个 through :
! M4 ^, r1 Y% d) _1 w+ [ 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
; [ ~3 \# t( d 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of $ v; E4 N" Q9 I1 v; t
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)3 ]3 }! R8 E, _: p4 Q6 s
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
& P1 c2 Z8 t/ M' Q, y4 | 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
6 j3 E3 G1 M% ^+ U through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)1 S' t8 c) E, O
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)! R1 \, k1 N( p# z2 X2 A, E% _! D1 q
8. 句子: # @5 [' H" ~$ U8 u `0 g6 m
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
; b0 c, P- { V* F& e overseas agents. 在句子中:" q$ m/ b0 r1 E6 o+ w+ x
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词$ r! O' N' P: D, ^6 @
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
' y& _& D+ r* G3 b$ d 其形容词: utilizable
9 A/ V# \$ |0 E d7 e+ f9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
, W* ~5 w( i( w3 p/ |6 x2 D# w- C briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
0 R+ ^$ r0 T8 l6 S: R# W% M |