Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
3 K6 u# @ @3 @$ J5 w8 k8 Q Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and4 s% {9 u4 X1 P& S- t( i! d
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
4 v6 @: Y- ]* rundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various8 P% h4 N) \7 q9 p% ?3 W6 r8 v
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
- }/ X* j9 F( K# [through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
& c* l: K: H3 L# Rto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, * ]3 b. t: ?: P- F- E4 ?, J
these services are:& i; F8 R2 b$ C! b, ~& Z
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.; {9 }6 A# a/ r6 {- Z0 z
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
1 |. L0 m% l" o( f b$ p9 P Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
2 }- J( t( F* s" u = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
! r( `9 E5 _* h$ t 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
0 k2 D0 f9 B( k" | j 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
( M$ d8 `# d! [3 D) ] 6.1.2 attend [% X% ?9 c& I$ C! M" o
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting , n+ G x- I: C/ H: x
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” : g S1 H' ]0 l0 Q7 f
例如: attend to one’s work / m; ^: R# W& c z5 |" R" i
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
) Y, C( h r1 h0 l2 u: K" [9 h/ D0 Z (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
0 B8 F- X& r# ~ 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities1 M) O; e' }8 v' j ?) L8 c K' s) h
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续) V& h7 R+ q9 _! A+ Q# a; d3 ?
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” [6 p5 L5 x" y( I9 E
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
2 K+ U/ D7 f- I: C6 S+ k+ Y (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
- u' D( R8 Z3 K9 T( Y documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
. N8 z8 g) C4 D5 [8 `/ r, K documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
1 Y4 e7 R+ h7 [" X m }3 w' z 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
# g @. ~* u8 C' t# ~& x% s) @8 O document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” 4 ?' X) Q$ T$ r! _ o
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
9 Q3 u: P& s t* k! {3 Y the customs formalities (海关手续)" f3 Q/ S3 b0 V* a- s
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
$ h! w1 t1 D* A4 y) S! m; S句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
$ @, O. T K% D# r- ~ 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. ( @5 N. D4 O W4 a# {$ E3 w5 H3 q, x
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些$ f$ z0 m* o& k
繁杂手续的话…
1 u+ {' }) D& ]+ `& O3 F6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
) r+ k4 O' G* S1 n' a. ?4 Y ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
3 o) y/ @, b4 H8 j* \: | of goods...
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. a& b! J5 l% Q& @6 e2 k' ] 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
8 f$ X4 d3 z$ _/ X; x; G1 C 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调/ K1 R9 N- J. {: S; E8 @; A; S
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”- w( ~9 f8 q4 E: x! H- W
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
6 H- Z( Y+ E0 a N( K6 K( g 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
6 i( H( X$ C5 p. f; Q+ u (1) process 名词. . S1 w1 x& D8 w! d d
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken" K- |( x% [7 y$ U# ^/ E/ `- C; c* b
例如: distribution process) X0 d4 E( R7 U' W: R2 M: `
(2) process 动词.+ h/ `9 E) ~* {, d* i. ?; W" c
process = to prepare and examine in details; c. Q# M: R/ K
例如: process the movement of goods) F, H5 M& \# f! h# N$ i
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:! O$ c, M7 V/ i3 K4 U4 Y4 N! F
... through the various stages involved. : e$ s; G+ H2 H/ S. y6 E% [& Q; ?
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action$ R- y1 P1 ~7 x) [! a' o& Y
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
* p5 v! f$ U; v (1) 使...陷入,拖累* w( ~' L6 T G7 U3 P
(2) 包围,笼罩% n' p4 m6 u& M H y* s$ }) Q4 o
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
( O/ `+ L- {- N0 i* U7. 句子:
; W/ E6 M: o' Q, {' x/ i7 C4 c The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
& Z& e6 n2 ^; Z6 T/ ~) z4 A) z+ {1 Q subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:: t% H1 s# [+ C* i2 k, j2 ^; L3 }
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
3 ~$ R) I4 @) p8 I 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
2 f# F& u- ]. g7 K3 F6 d 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
7 d- y3 l. b" w. C4 g+ M 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的& Q1 }& f$ Z" ?; R& K- l; n. p
submarine (潜水艇)- y1 o' n& p& W' K. Q* I
subway(地铁)
) Z; A; U3 R: E1 W7 r# y6 U 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的7 o8 ^# t( X1 \9 Z8 M1 O
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
% {# g0 R6 t6 X 给第三者而签订的合同)! z& F, H* N! [
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者, f" J. q, J. {. @, }" K1 f
subagent 副代理人' a d ]3 ~6 r% ?; _4 b
subcontinent 次大陆
, H& S1 q) E/ r! C1 R7 M; u1 F subsonic 亚音速# o. } S! L+ C- U7 h
subroutine 子程序
; p8 S$ b# }9 ]. E. g, b9 } m 7.2 关于这个 through :8 Z% S' u" @8 e+ J4 T' q, K
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.( l# m: @1 R* d% R* _5 b6 H! Q
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
: x* x. z B8 m9 X1 S "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)( b/ Z8 }' F/ ^" o8 ^3 q: U9 ]
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.3 E: t4 {* b; [ N' }* o
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 8 u* T, \2 A0 }9 S
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
4 ~0 l( u2 Q7 G3 U* m6 y through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
' K4 b9 Y! C7 u% i9 i G8. 句子: 8 R; E7 Y0 F5 {' i* c' l
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ) Z7 e* m1 G+ `& E0 x \. i
overseas agents. 在句子中:
' w( T, f+ a: x9 d4 r1 j 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
( [7 S- _7 M/ Y. C8 a 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用); y# b9 H+ a; a. Z+ b8 K5 _
其形容词: utilizable 5 X# N; G0 X9 V0 d# V! R. I4 a
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:, z. T9 E/ W( N2 a: H
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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