Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services+ s! }3 _% W* E1 t
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
- l" W5 c" U3 I$ Tdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
+ c) @. F, g, J+ X& Gundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
9 O D+ p. |# N" Mstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or ' z: q7 d& M7 @# B" \4 i/ m. c, N
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
3 l5 p8 ?) L$ v# dto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, , N' {1 M, b/ `! q; B t) _ C
these services are:
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3 h; g: a) H" I2 i课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.5 y# x; V' y9 y! H8 B" d
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 2 W. j$ v$ Q" u7 f4 r& e+ u1 n
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
5 {: S) B3 ^! H* N6 i = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …- w1 U6 X9 Y7 z2 f4 R
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. , g: H) _; W# S# q/ G
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
& M- r* v: t/ m8 A" z, S 6.1.2 attend
K; i, g3 u) I g) o$ F' e (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
+ V' S" z: X' \3 u (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
( L1 y! w7 ?8 T. }+ F7 M u& r* M 例如: attend to one’s work $ u7 o. U7 \/ Q T* d
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
# t) p6 E6 J( d/ B! b1 T+ u ^ (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
9 J0 k# b! ^' x- [; ]) j7 g6 ?+ r a8 p 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities2 c- \5 A8 W1 e. x7 C2 G
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)6 ~6 q# m( F& V2 Y) L: L" p" }
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
' C1 `8 o; P% x procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” 6 O' j* I7 ~! l& D/ c" v
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
8 w" M' N; Z2 h/ u5 L% p& }5 ~ documentary 形容词, “单证上的” 1 Q! ?6 S- ]. x# N. Q$ m- e5 k
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
8 x7 A- h6 G. \4 z 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
# ~. h' { U5 Q document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” $ `/ e3 x' ^0 I% N& K) f C
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)3 T! w8 L4 e4 U9 p8 _) E1 a
the customs formalities (海关手续)1 [& s* w- i, C5 g6 b+ m/ Y' }! E
go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
7 h: H( j0 M0 h+ G/ _5 z8 C8 ^句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
4 W/ F& C8 O- y1 I 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. $ a: W- X! p3 c" [5 \
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些% h0 I, q8 }/ r" R9 ^4 J9 _
繁杂手续的话…
1 ^, b5 ?+ N8 [9 B4 [1 J& B( n& y6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
! l0 }! h5 i7 F& F" f! H8 G+ N3 ^ ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
: T! ~# M. O) ~, K ? of goods...
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( x8 x4 P9 P6 L7 U8 Y; Y F# I0 ` 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
2 u2 B$ I6 w( \5 F- |1 t- R 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调# K% t1 u# p/ [4 D$ J
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
9 o9 p% ]1 A& K% L R 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
, } Y2 `% {& J( w' c 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:6 A0 p5 W, O* f
(1) process 名词. . ]6 j& |" v+ t! `+ H% F
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
9 m* N; P2 w5 T" V* l& C; G; v) ? 例如: distribution process+ u, z4 v6 {4 P. m
(2) process 动词.
4 G4 G$ k1 N4 v process = to prepare and examine in details( f2 ^; F5 o2 \) a& ]$ ?, c' ]
例如: process the movement of goods
- @) X/ k. X& e1 _/ b句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
" G8 d0 R' ^3 e6 x ... through the various stages involved.
, l3 B" c, K8 H/ V0 j 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
- p* g W9 P/ K* G6 |5 z 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:" e7 a1 s' w( c
(1) 使...陷入,拖累+ \) {' |! A9 t: P5 ?" P1 m2 ?1 L: x* o
(2) 包围,笼罩
$ P0 s" d# C3 ^( \; W, t8 i, q# P- y (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
7 w4 y( b U/ n( z; ^7. 句子: " I# b! l( T" B# ^! u5 G
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 1 V7 t( l& }& \4 Z0 V) O. g# @
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:0 g5 h+ |+ M4 H: h1 n \" T$ a
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
& T& _4 g5 a) o: {/ R 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
& |/ ^, ~8 \. Z0 o2 f 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
' H& x( _0 d- }4 k 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
- ?: W8 ]3 Q8 m6 s8 X& ~" ? submarine (潜水艇)
6 b; K" s* H* ^1 C8 H. a4 { subway(地铁)
- ~( u- o1 R6 D& z9 S) O8 o& D 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的$ ^& |; j$ I3 j& `2 K" e7 T& q
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包7 O+ Z9 w. j: n* p) G; o
给第三者而签订的合同)
! g! M' y, x* y4 D1 }; y- l8 m; i subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者# s0 i# T, j5 D- l- W
subagent 副代理人
4 Z7 I2 C7 S$ ] subcontinent 次大陆
" X+ W8 D* l& N, l; \: I7 x) | subsonic 亚音速
1 D# f) ]. s) ^; R5 x( T+ s subroutine 子程序
( \2 R# ?1 x- u& N5 w/ t 7.2 关于这个 through :0 \* `! D4 Z2 ~4 }, S; \) \8 a
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
" @. _9 q; y, b+ { 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
( }: p- t: I, l6 e& p& @3 O" |1 i1 K "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)/ U) P! p% F* X% [: \% O( l
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
* d: m* D: E. J$ A! H 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 8 @& ]. @9 D' b
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
( ^# w* e/ S0 t through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由). y3 @, J; z1 w8 V( ^
8. 句子:
; ^" u0 l+ d% f- {; }3 P6 k He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
0 }0 \. M$ r5 g& T( G0 N overseas agents. 在句子中:9 y5 E% H3 x: d: b3 e/ E
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词! _" r' n; Q4 W1 P6 ^. ]
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
( T6 S( i# z* D/ {( Y2 r2 b& O 其形容词: utilizable
2 q7 K" O1 X4 J% k7 }3 e2 u9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
$ U* V& s H5 G, F! j0 ~. z# Q briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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