Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
! [5 a D: E, \" i Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and3 l& Z3 r" D8 C# f
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
0 t- B; i# `, e) x/ ~# ~2 h; pundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
" A4 l3 K! C4 E0 G8 V. hstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or 5 U! g& [: D/ Q8 I/ `
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected 8 M1 Y( ]1 g- h* ^0 b3 _) I+ S! e
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, ' o1 i2 U: A0 \8 y$ Z, e' _
these services are:: _: p* w7 I# `( l. W* l; h
" f9 j" H. m/ x2 g课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.( o% O" v$ o$ I% N3 b6 n" @
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
) x k5 Q: S4 k( R' a2 M Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … 7 | ?- H- w8 d3 B2 `% ]
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
# ^) q4 G+ B" N a 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
" i; [+ o0 m+ |% h" K 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”9 p% n3 Y/ [$ t2 Y
6.1.2 attend
" q" D" |, a9 X6 V (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
. L' E! o: l. y t0 Q r5 M0 l% X8 d (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
) |4 U/ K5 X: i0 c+ Y7 F# L' u 例如: attend to one’s work , x, o! `. K/ H* c* c- }- [
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
' n0 w: a( u- n) z (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
7 L- J U7 {( B- f 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
, k8 u7 i/ p2 r (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)* `# B& s, t& o
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
( ]3 l* w# B/ ~1 A1 d; i8 L! i5 Z procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” % l: R" u5 n, v7 s* C( r
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
- h' t8 k) V; |/ L documentary 形容词, “单证上的” ; d( t& ]: J( J3 Q7 M1 l
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, + n8 `! R: x2 w. n) |" K* Y: s5 a
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)$ ?* U) h( M, r* ]% h$ Z( K
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” 7 n) P6 f8 {3 r9 J4 p5 A
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示), E, p, M/ q# @9 K4 _3 ^
the customs formalities (海关手续)
- n5 M6 R1 g, I5 _; b$ ^/ v go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
) B: X- D5 [0 e3 H1 \句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
4 S7 R" u, R3 {% S* n v# j; X0 m" t 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. , l7 n8 D9 q( ]/ n4 i$ u: W
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
$ m; d8 L) R8 V3 E2 A) u& X 繁杂手续的话…
3 B4 v0 X: H( x" m; r: P6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 9 H$ ]" C i* _% D
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement 5 k$ u+ _% j* L& \ v. m3 B5 H
of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构8 L9 I6 ~& C8 R
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
9 K* |- |$ f# [. h. K the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”- T# k0 N8 L: u" w
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 9 j5 O! _! ^7 R( b% L" |
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:9 u% n9 s3 \* C. }% M, i- M9 A; I
(1) process 名词.
+ b! _/ M" I" x: k9 k. u7 P- t process = series of operations deliberately unertaken: X( y9 U6 Z( d9 r- E
例如: distribution process
+ s2 h% g- s+ c/ J% M& u% p( l5 N (2) process 动词.5 y5 ]0 @5 O( `+ R
process = to prepare and examine in details6 J% M0 l5 h$ I6 r ]+ A5 [
例如: process the movement of goods. N8 L5 c0 l3 \- ]4 \! d$ a+ D
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:2 E- {( u. h4 b. T2 m. s
... through the various stages involved.
: e7 s0 B! x5 n8 n& y 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action0 P5 W2 X1 d1 E
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
; _, I7 d+ n4 g (1) 使...陷入,拖累
! r! h% a$ w7 y* L: n$ r$ \ Q+ n: Z (2) 包围,笼罩0 |2 a7 K: H' D9 Q. c7 M( ^
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
# {( S) z4 V9 G7. 句子: ' h* b+ H/ V, I" |7 H* E
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
' ^" \, x2 L4 |, y subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
Q) W& {' d( w8 H7 N6 M) @4 ~ 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
% N9 _9 P! Q9 ~( ~ k2 A0 L2 I 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.- \1 `# N ?2 H0 S
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
' O H8 g7 O3 _8 V U. a 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
8 f& o8 i$ y5 i1 M submarine (潜水艇)) P2 D8 U0 A9 M/ b7 [1 X
subway(地铁)' d# P, G8 `$ V' I, I8 ^
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的& h! J% N# x6 n+ t# f$ S
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包$ ?$ @" y8 e/ v2 ~' q# G
给第三者而签订的合同)
* z6 r' V# a/ Z$ ]. d7 \2 x* f3 o3 R subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
& Z+ r. n' D+ ^% w' w) R3 y$ O8 B subagent 副代理人& m! {) ^* z9 }) d& |
subcontinent 次大陆 + ~3 a( @) j1 H" ?# _
subsonic 亚音速# J& V( x0 S( K4 k! j1 Q2 m7 f
subroutine 子程序
8 ], G9 a& c5 P6 ^" ]; ~ 7.2 关于这个 through :
1 {5 v* I1 z+ W* p 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
u4 k' d; | ~& {! l 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of 2 N. L: ~/ g6 B2 i4 n
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)$ y, r+ ~; K3 l* S$ k
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
m1 I7 |5 v( D% ^ 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 5 E! { v$ ?) e& J- {. P) I4 y
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)+ E5 K, c) A5 }: t( Y& J1 M
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
r% B5 L! {8 ^' G7 B' X; Y8. 句子:
9 K; i) \" T9 Y+ M He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
/ ~3 @6 Z0 a2 y0 j overseas agents. 在句子中:8 d( n3 S3 y7 f+ `
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词% t" U9 Q) n( j& w) F- X
其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)% K. n/ s' `% j' V
其形容词: utilizable 5 w1 @ v, H( P% ?8 k7 h6 H; G
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:( F. ~( V+ D, D: b
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思/ J2 z P! l0 H7 {
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