货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
# ]" y% [- R8 P$ T; C2 J     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
/ n3 U0 t- g- X3 x3 F! O& v% f& pthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
8 X, F2 t; F0 ?& E3 V7 W5 p( fthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
* e+ q1 D1 S1 z  b# X( Ntime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
% D) B+ y/ q" i6 C$ H  v4 `; N     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
; `/ [: N% Y+ n     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
% n+ E/ E/ y8 o* v3 n: T8 t6 J4 M6 _9 a+ L     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
+ x1 ]) ]5 L9 v" x1 K5 X+ e0 t; K  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
9 f$ v, I& Q0 t! c8 S          to the named port of destination
     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
- d  B* ]# h. {$ p# G5 N6 d         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
1 P( v. p3 y1 O- S2 A                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
                所以我们要注意:
7 ?/ P6 o1 D9 H" L3 V                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
: v3 @& F$ y- E; d: X3 R         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
) x- x6 }7 u: x. V% }                (become, turn, get等).例如:
8 O. h. p; x# b! y. X1 u! I/ m                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
8 b% E) o  e! G# Q) S: y                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
% c; z: j. i* |; h8 _* T         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
                the costs and freight)
     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
% K  L) R7 H# C6 ]) T- T  13.2  本句可以简化成:
          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
- w# S+ W! y: ~; b+ q          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
. ?. J8 t* J6 ~, G' b: S          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
8 \. L: g. }6 x) l0 z+ E" a0 S          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
' Y; F; O) s! K" F/ Q' C5 J, J          后者的费用由买方承担.

- k) \& p$ e! s" u* |2 F  13.3  本句可以简化成:
) u! o( E/ G& b$ n5 [+ \% y) ]          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
' M4 y2 @$ D% n( |. l          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
% {0 ~6 w! c2 }0 u/ B# q. e7 Y   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
* j# b6 u; `8 y* T7 n   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
, c; |. [, a- [6 o; X' u8 g5 H   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.
1 Q5 E  [) W% A  Q2 ?