货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
; ]6 u* O4 M6 y4 S: t  k" E     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
the named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
/ T7 C1 f! k  j% J8 `/ z* othe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
* Z0 f, A/ \9 O. Y  htime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
% u8 |6 h$ Q1 U. ~- A8 S     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
9 i& p" X- ^. z6 g$ Y& E13. 句子:
! N. g4 s+ S% {8 ?8 R$ r     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
; f2 U$ V& S- m( R# Z     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
' `7 i, V3 M+ [" F. h2 {0 f, H     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
          to the named port of destination
& N. Y* C: j. x1 _" n7 X1 p6 p     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
! J8 n) @6 \- k: S" Z         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
. M+ y7 S6 [& r$ E! \% Q8 f5 [5 @                所以我们要注意:
: M" _) c, S$ E2 q6 }; n1 C                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
/ X5 H- v8 @! B" m         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
                (become, turn, get等).例如:
                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
# Q7 a* s  |, U7 Z$ Q                the costs and freight)
     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
6 {! o" W2 M6 W! F; N+ M  Y           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
9 s. w: |( H6 K/ p           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
; M% E4 s1 w& U  13.2  本句可以简化成:
          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.
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4 r1 C5 U  I8 j8 E  13.3  本句可以简化成:
: n& _+ D) O9 l* Z. K          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
8 A9 q( K* p6 Y& R9 f+ X3 W8 Q) ^1 l   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
3 G: M8 R1 r; u+ g8 G1 w0 J   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.
$ y" g! J4 k# X3 E