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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms2 ^5 Q; f+ W% x0 _
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination) l0 X6 N6 t/ Z% X
“Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the + Q1 B; T7 u' ~0 f3 v5 n5 c2 q
ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
2 C6 X% P2 x# A9 M The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
8 f1 o% \% K7 Fthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
) y( @- L# p F" f5 _the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
) O; ]6 r0 w, I3 |9 v; {time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.4 B' C: z; ^3 e& z
The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
4 i- A5 h( R7 N4 K; B6 Q8 @ This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
: E* X9 c1 u3 Y2 c9 y1 t+ `' w13. 句子: & s5 a' @, \% C7 [" z4 d
The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
! y' _4 c# s4 z% M8 K' G# k! e9 X* K to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
4 l* g/ Y& ?, R the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
& s4 z8 m- h3 ]* a% X the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
8 f( @* f1 y9 V8 A, C 这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as: 6 u; i1 }- ]0 H% l/ _! K
13.1 the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
9 h. ~2 L% m0 o5 S# b4 c to the named port of destination4 G8 V/ o4 J5 B: n4 e
(1) 英语简单句有五种基本句型.
: l3 E7 _& E J! n, F5 | ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:5 a. ^" U# [9 g+ t
He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
' p9 L* s0 `, g0 x5 `, C ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:- F Y) V. Y7 C' v2 c! S: K
He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
& V5 s. o0 [6 d' E) H: j 所以我们要注意:
s1 K; t! I6 l. \; L% w, M 有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.1 U4 j& V9 s8 ~+ h3 n c7 H8 E
③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
- y* v h3 h1 |8 U* A% x; k0 V (become, turn, get等).例如:2 m) a. F+ k8 J1 S$ G: `# T6 q
A freight forwarder was a commission agent.5 L) v4 {: \ _% G1 f& G
④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:; f8 j G: {# T. R
bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer& n& O8 `3 z$ O* l0 {( s- D, g# l
⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:. w. d* D% a. ?. x
pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
* \' O% X+ \4 ~1 E' l: n$ E# f the costs and freight)1 L, {! ~8 Q! ^2 s& }
(2) 本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
3 ^, \; G$ E. c0 T/ F the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
& _" A1 u& z5 O* S port of destination 意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
. `" f$ [0 M T; A3 S( ]' D 13.2 本句可以简化成:
# w: d P1 R/ T6 p% H: z BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of - Z( [/ }$ S8 {% Q5 S# Y
delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
8 O- g6 M* v& s( h. [. _# r( O1 X (1) transfer: 常见的搭配有:- O2 Q, h0 q6 N3 v: l
transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to) ' G- V, w5 N2 b, D
意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
2 z: k5 U* P% u (2) but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担, 6 k( ?; z N8 O, X
后者的费用由买方承担.
8 z" X0 s3 R5 a k3 Q9 D( ?: w7 C5 q- [1 n. {8 h9 W
13.3 本句可以简化成:
2 s2 y8 m1 ?' y! Y as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
$ K' D1 ]- Q: G. T k6 o5 k- I; F' P+ { time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
( h9 E9 }5 }5 V2 |8 ]5 q% |8 V6 v (1) additional cost = extra cost: 额外费用4 b. O9 x" z* p
(2) due to = caused by: 由于,起因于 6 A- d$ ~- Q/ _' {$ i4 @3 r
(注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词), e* K3 g2 p8 c8 ]4 B, h( m
(3) occur = happen, take place: 发生
- \4 j% u, ~8 |0 L (4) as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.$ j$ t2 r0 b, S
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