货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
" D* H$ @1 Q' K1 j     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
the named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
' m8 S( J+ z9 P3 r7 mtime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
+ o. ~+ X: }1 j0 L; W1 ~# P/ z8 \4 h. f     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
9 u9 E1 U' f* T+ h1 l1 V" ^     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
+ L& S$ D3 B; @9 Y' t. W0 O     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
* S& Y! R3 r$ x7 v  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
, w% z# S- ~8 I. |          to the named port of destination
     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
, w" q( H: Z1 h. f                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
& D* H9 N0 H+ o0 N7 _9 X& D                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
                所以我们要注意:
                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
8 y1 d8 P* J1 ?$ b  G  C, e& u                (become, turn, get等).例如:
                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
4 b2 U; q) K! m( B3 E8 v/ B5 ?% E                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
# o2 u9 e9 E9 C8 H7 W* z& m0 L         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
; w5 j. }; i. x, `( M. L. v0 ]                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
                the costs and freight)
$ ~/ s) E( S9 G: D& {     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
0 M0 [1 B6 M; ^- B           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
" Y8 I  v7 J+ X$ L. B& m           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
  13.2  本句可以简化成:
          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
% \" L8 b8 S5 J; b& |" a          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
9 a3 Y! t  ^2 N" x          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.

; _- _3 r: k* N/ d  13.3  本句可以简化成:
          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
3 Y& _9 ^& g8 q: k7 y- B$ }          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
3 O; A) l4 d- j& y   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
: U2 Z- U5 J# s% l   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.