货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
: V/ [/ Z6 Z, G- O  o5 W( V4 `ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
! W' t2 ]5 y# u" M8 F4 F$ x0 _( P# a     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
9 [) Y2 C& l) m0 A$ f" O1 B% Kthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
/ V3 }  c: N8 Y( Rthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
3 O$ N( x0 H+ p; f2 q- c     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
2 L3 x; F7 L5 s: q7 ?/ M! t2 S4 o     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
* m+ ]/ C$ B! T6 e     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
" i* A: |# `" k1 H% o. K" d     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
- T- B9 N# H+ l5 S' g% {& m     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
7 S) `! _9 K! f. C: Y  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
- ]& y( d% l2 R& D" s, \! }          to the named port of destination
7 m- H$ V3 p; M5 O     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
0 z4 t" e7 j, W: G5 _2 _         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
  ?6 W# F2 w5 h- K. T" |$ q                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
9 ~! L% m5 T/ n                所以我们要注意:
# F% K9 v" y$ C$ j* y1 b4 o! b0 F% m& l                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
! x/ y) ^: e& t, w                (become, turn, get等).例如:
% J7 |- [8 f# o3 D. i                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
: C2 n& T' g8 H, c6 x  b0 E         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
# P1 [/ J  S& M1 J" ~/ C                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
/ |1 D! z$ y) e1 y3 Y: |! |0 l8 R+ n8 m                the costs and freight)
     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
0 X( ?7 Q: \! b+ A7 |           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
  13.2  本句可以简化成:
          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
/ r5 `1 o/ y  `8 U: X          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
4 h/ H0 N6 |6 }: ~4 F          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
  E2 p+ L$ F% D! A+ ^    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.

  13.3  本句可以简化成:
$ C" m2 H% B! W1 P* F' R          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
5 K" {" B' J' V7 K7 R1 J   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
0 V+ V. N; A' Z, _/ W1 r           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
, ]/ D; h! h' o. N   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.
! j7 p% Z' f; {) ~* o4 D( c; E