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货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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发表于 2005-12-1 19:02:48 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms! Z/ y3 _+ h/ i: D& t4 d4 E
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
# ^  S2 U/ ]; e6 d     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
7 I) ?' }8 M: P7 I- w, }" H; Mship’s rail in the port of shipment.
& c! P% V/ t/ D; G* L+ _     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
! y" d3 T* B+ A' r& h! {the named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
5 w0 d: {: ~! `* ]the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
1 p. c% s/ A1 u6 Q: Etime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.5 ]; f& P" f9 i; k' W9 i- S. Y
     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.   V$ z1 M% C! f5 H& G5 H; u
     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
; u* N+ M0 ~% W13. 句子: : U4 l- B8 G  \2 T$ i0 f
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods : v$ v9 o1 |+ Q  `' n- W
     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to 3 B1 C6 B1 t  k6 V, D7 v9 I  `
     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
% a2 y1 G- D; ?+ T5 i: ~     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer. 0 H2 T, w+ A/ h8 S4 ~# D% H6 b
     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
( S9 g& F9 p2 ^- s/ i& o, h2 K  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods$ k1 l( {  G, i
          to the named port of destination4 z5 `* u2 J, {0 R
     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.( S: z# o) S  }
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:7 E; j# a7 n& i* U' ?: t5 b8 H
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
6 l* v0 W6 j% T* S/ x3 ]         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:% T2 Y7 [  J6 D$ u( g' i% _
                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)) X  P+ e8 F! P4 u8 E' Q
                所以我们要注意:& O6 K5 B  C& G2 {: L( X: Q
                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.9 d6 t- |' ]4 C5 E) V1 C
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词2 h* @9 a  U9 O9 T  s
                (become, turn, get等).例如:
: N3 A3 q% h  P                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.1 p7 ?* g4 t) W% V+ ]% ]' p
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
( n7 r" t" B1 r  h, {                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
* L! w: f8 d1 d4 w         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
  T; _  @8 Q& r4 Q2 U                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明 $ V7 N! Y9 E9 t2 \9 Q8 F
                the costs and freight)
  M+ H  k- j9 b1 j: v( D+ K/ J     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
6 N/ n. T; S$ Q9 `- u6 i           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named ( K, @0 U$ @1 ?7 U
           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
/ ]) ?4 q7 h0 X* E) J  U" W- T  13.2  本句可以简化成:
9 F) V% M, A0 I: s9 a          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of " ]: d- M4 l5 [: Y( w
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.7 p( I) ?6 W) u8 X
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
. r7 y# G* b4 ^0 i. W          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
+ U* `7 J2 K2 c: _5 W$ o! O          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
( U6 z0 Y- Q5 X  t5 s  w' J9 T    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
7 o) o2 R! w" Y3 |          后者的费用由买方承担.( E3 Z# P* f: C9 |6 u

1 u1 ~6 ]  C+ S5 c! ~  13.3  本句可以简化成:
: [) ?' P; \/ m1 R& j          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
" U3 N. a  x8 H7 a2 B1 C. e          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
5 N) o; X& }6 Z; {. S( C+ ^   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
' r0 f$ ?* K0 k   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
4 d+ l; t: _3 k" F' _9 E) ~- K  S7 [$ I           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)3 H0 x: u. _" }
   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生/ B* F5 u. I/ ~
   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.
4 k; G' c( \) X  s* g# u
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