货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
4 ]' f" `* z. z; h! o# _     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
9 q, R( l. B8 Z; V/ Zthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
5 o; N; B& a# n& c7 n1 Otime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
; Z. J: Q( A9 l1 ]$ m     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
  X0 b) |: |( e; l     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
, d" T$ S+ c* X$ L     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
& U3 _( [+ y( ~( c8 e     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
( o, `/ j/ t- m     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
8 o+ e; }% N$ h! d1 J# {( u  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
          to the named port of destination
; ~# b/ c1 M4 p/ P  t) y     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
; `+ R4 h  q: f         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
1 N! a" T* @% v0 Y2 C9 ^# ]' X         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
% i# q: S+ ], m8 O! p$ e                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
                所以我们要注意:
$ ~7 e0 g# V9 Q% s* K" p& ~                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
% S! |$ B4 T  g2 t% B         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
                (become, turn, get等).例如:
                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
; N( T6 f- D) K$ i  n) z' U                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
. ]6 e: y! x, n% v  w                the costs and freight)
; q2 a5 I  U# |5 ?; G9 G6 W     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
7 m- {* O3 C0 G# d           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
  13.2  本句可以简化成:
          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
0 k5 o: K* E; u7 v) W& B$ X' j3 Q          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
7 p  W6 |- N7 D" p$ i8 U    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
4 Z4 V6 C0 D- P, Q, a          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
3 i% O( X( P5 J0 H! l4 t& Y# [+ n    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
8 C8 s1 l& S0 ?$ t1 _6 D          后者的费用由买方承担.
0 n/ A+ I# b! \3 x6 l  J
. L( O/ u% S. t$ A  13.3  本句可以简化成:
0 ^+ {) A- x7 u$ a6 d1 d+ [9 R          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
/ e& k. b& [6 I# v% c* m   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.
$ F* c$ c) J7 K$ }' |6 P" ]