货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
/ U& y0 {# A( W8 e' {- O% P9 |7 w3 C0 ~CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
* M/ c' o( j% k$ ]8 q- a2 r9 \ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
6 R$ {! e  u4 ]. Y; s     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
the named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
3 e: U1 `* ~0 }* m. M6 `the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
% c/ U0 E0 S" X- q: J# F0 _     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
1 Q; ^- p6 p, L1 x/ Y     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
& A. a* J' ~) \: E     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
1 b6 M# S$ X* s+ v) h     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
& c% t) W7 E. _/ T  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
          to the named port of destination
     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
  e' G" S: ^% ]0 Y, M* P         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
$ ~0 {. Z  N4 P% n                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
& `1 o' S! \" W4 W8 v                所以我们要注意:
7 y. p0 _. r. R2 |- _- [6 E                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
: q, l% k+ G" _' w- A5 E                (become, turn, get等).例如:
                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
# j" E' |7 R7 h% O                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
0 d9 d, G/ T( p         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
# X0 U1 F# G' Z. [( U/ ?                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
                the costs and freight)
     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
+ I9 C6 c, `4 S8 I           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
  13.2  本句可以简化成:
  F7 a: Z5 v& e! Z7 ^- B/ F1 m          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
% h+ ~. u8 ]0 ~) F1 F) ~# G8 F' X; n          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
9 v: p, }$ l! U7 o+ u2 O    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.

  13.3  本句可以简化成:
          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
3 }7 {! Q$ n4 U          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
* W9 C& y% G- M! q   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
9 S& l9 M9 c& V; P/ l   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.
2 k" r/ C6 A; M' g& ~