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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
% t. X! J, {$ K5 C( TCFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
% g1 t" q/ }( b1 p U, h7 t7 N “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
( x N; v' ]0 J' ?8 I1 Jship’s rail in the port of shipment.
+ }( @! G6 ?; A- }5 a. ?5 f The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to ! d6 v9 u8 H% G& D1 i8 m
the named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to : ]0 g7 J1 f0 Y. s8 g
the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
* F. d, {+ ~/ g$ btime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
H! G5 m! m+ h4 j7 n4 q* z8 { q The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. ! M4 v$ b f3 n' s* M6 b
This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. , t/ K0 e& E8 y& \
13. 句子: & Y0 F$ u N" R! |* e$ A* m) `
The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods 3 \5 Q+ Q6 \/ Y% w2 o
to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
8 N* X% [: L: p# m, L the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after % U" N% ~. I% }0 a; u$ P2 Q# z% e
the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
2 ~* K! w6 `0 J+ P: K3 Q 这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:
4 H w- C0 Q3 u& Z2 u 13.1 the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
$ z& @# r9 r% C# j; Y' ] to the named port of destination
6 M! r6 j, ~" N (1) 英语简单句有五种基本句型.8 @$ l) S0 C# E' U' `8 p
① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:/ l+ O' R8 b+ ]- Y+ q6 i2 t
He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作); ~) {$ W$ j+ l: {
② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:7 X* `8 |, X; w Z9 ]0 T" A& L
He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
3 e0 S) J8 d2 I/ C5 E5 G; b 所以我们要注意:. Q" e0 i) V4 p
有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.# D( d3 w9 Q5 p9 n7 N
③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
5 R* W% R. a, \5 Y (become, turn, get等).例如:' y( h9 o/ n( t! u
A freight forwarder was a commission agent.. Y2 Z) }# I5 U9 ^) R+ [
④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:& p! |- m6 J# n, u
bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
% F- j; o5 R* m) ^. P' `2 J, q ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
0 J! c3 ?# l+ P/ h/ s3 e! ~ pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
; n: }9 C4 A' c) Q% ?* ] the costs and freight)$ t4 E# X% k, A7 O
(2) 本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
: `4 m( u$ Z* l5 |: Q, l the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named " I5 u) N) D) T# K! C& H7 J+ s, X* H
port of destination 意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.% @) d9 Q N' |$ x/ V. r
13.2 本句可以简化成:9 X9 _% v( e7 p; c! |% `# Y$ I3 F& t& M, X
BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of , p% I: o7 }6 X# q& S
delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.5 P) P+ f: b6 r
(1) transfer: 常见的搭配有:
8 E, g& X, w" W9 _3 I6 b transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to) & M6 ~% M6 ^- h* b3 K
意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
" s6 f, K: Y2 f+ w7 ~$ o (2) but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
8 n2 C% e+ S2 U+ E6 m$ q5 J- \ 后者的费用由买方承担.
8 f( b+ B: p9 D! n! S- o8 o3 b, H
13.3 本句可以简化成:5 P9 @/ y" ^8 p- V: P6 B& Z7 H
as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
( B+ i1 ^+ C2 x time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.% N6 O5 p |& H$ k/ q; e5 @* _; `
(1) additional cost = extra cost: 额外费用
2 d# y+ o% W1 v4 F" }& o: f) Z (2) due to = caused by: 由于,起因于
. }6 T3 d4 }6 t$ B. {$ D/ v/ W (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)$ h5 g' {' T! Q" s% x
(3) occur = happen, take place: 发生( |& x0 Q5 {; d: P4 @
(4) as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.
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