货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
* H" x& T! K7 I# E4 Z     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
the named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
2 j) f' S* [0 B* L# a& ^the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
$ p# a* ~3 j0 O0 w     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
  `/ y5 W& `* ]; A     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
+ `& _- j2 j$ @" E% z6 c     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
& Z; \; J  P# D2 J$ P     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
: F! h. F& n& G     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
  K& {5 H4 R- Q# {          to the named port of destination
     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
6 C( _9 f, ]% c* h& p         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
1 J) r4 T# o1 x" h# T0 C  b& g  m                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
* Y: Y, s0 V# U) M: P  F2 y4 e$ x4 c                所以我们要注意:
                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
; A4 f% O$ U5 o/ x: I         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
* f% n- l3 E# v8 d# O0 o. A                (become, turn, get等).例如:
                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
& V  ^- @. N4 [, ~0 r3 K+ k         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
1 t2 P2 B* _' {, C7 e         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
8 r3 Q5 L. v" E. Z5 A# |- z( a                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
7 G. ~( r9 J; n                the costs and freight)
     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
' d+ K( s: c1 F* O: P  13.2  本句可以简化成:
5 e" _/ [3 z* t          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
5 C! W) P/ @$ t' u" P    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
$ h: M8 ?& t( v1 o4 c6 }" q          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
. B0 {6 B) G/ [& j' K4 l    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.
  l  a1 ?# ?+ g+ w8 \# `( U  L
; d, N. |$ }& L  13.3  本句可以简化成:
! Y6 h1 s2 Q) f! @# L          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
2 o9 H6 K+ z9 p4 `, T% f          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
/ n# B! i0 N, v4 t           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.