货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
( B3 p1 F' V. W; o+ O     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
3 k: y, I& R# y+ Hship’s rail in the port of shipment.
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
* X  D4 w$ Q, Q4 W5 V  Y, K2 cthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
7 h6 d7 z4 b  Y* U' \% P) Y% V6 Nthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
- {& [1 {+ A. p9 r' Ntime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
  t0 y/ G* F# W8 X3 v     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
$ b0 m- T- i8 g' ]13. 句子:
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
  _; a; x2 P( }+ _( Q- ~  n     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
6 D! e% k# r, q3 a! ?0 }5 N     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
: x$ f$ d- P1 a  i* m6 q' m" K     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
/ Q7 ?. F. _+ Q! Z3 @5 v' E  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
          to the named port of destination
0 U8 a8 J* n4 Y# g, `7 B( B) _, j4 |     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
& [: z" U# f, I$ X  [         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
# k/ o: }0 _6 ]) y         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
' v& p0 ~  v  e  C% b                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
; Z3 h& M0 R" i9 N                所以我们要注意:
                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
, m: P/ Y$ p6 ]         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
                (become, turn, get等).例如:
+ d6 f$ a4 M" X2 b: Y0 z: g) d                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
/ w% x3 N! Z; ]( D* v         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
/ m+ v: d+ _) s2 J                the costs and freight)
     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
  F* C4 j" x) S: R6 S           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
  13.2  本句可以简化成:
& w/ ^9 |: ~7 P          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
7 E6 C8 a4 ?" g2 ^    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.
, B3 f1 C. L7 x; o! Q) D
6 h+ l( q# X  M* e. y* {5 ]  13.3  本句可以简化成:
. k# h: e1 f  d" X/ c. b9 ~          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
0 e3 A; `7 M' [" J   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
0 i8 C- Y# f( u# k* o           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
0 r0 u$ R6 l% `5 E% x/ L& M4 u' Y   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.
4 e& M3 h4 K( {& o' y