货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
) |( G7 h' Y7 k0 [8 e" I, |1 [8 Xship’s rail in the port of shipment.
: S) {0 P8 C$ H' u/ w/ x     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
$ O' r- T9 ?9 j8 sthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
  w4 X2 }. G! w$ Y, xthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
0 U9 n& @' E9 r8 p     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
4 @( y  x. @2 q4 b! x13. 句子:
# C! L6 X6 `' W2 l" x2 f2 [     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
, h5 `, C8 f& z9 n9 ]! Q     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
5 ]2 H& l4 L# ?7 I- ^) R     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
2 p) {$ I" O6 m' Z     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
' u  p) E% r" X# O          to the named port of destination
     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
. H6 o7 o# A& y( g- J1 g! }         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
& ]' W7 X5 P( }. O, C- e                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
' {8 u5 I: |$ K$ b  k                所以我们要注意:
                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
% D/ f, u+ ]/ p& I' a, W3 X& G         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
! H% U$ @1 G8 {& u! k3 }                (become, turn, get等).例如:
2 r3 {' x' i0 {9 }, {                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
' t# `* |$ b  @$ `7 i' I                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
5 v: q4 N+ \  J: k$ j         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
                the costs and freight)
! ~6 @, m7 }2 Q- \5 D7 ~% g     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
$ ?0 T1 l' }) l$ o# Y' Q; k: A           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
1 @; ]1 R7 M) l/ m# \9 k" l$ `% L  13.2  本句可以简化成:
          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
- ~- M; N% T2 w( v; a- h3 X          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
! s) |6 T& J: I. o: q    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
- {  }+ a; W& k" U          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
$ u& l/ r  p) x9 w2 a8 ]6 D1 _4 ^          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
3 Y7 Z! N  R0 ^% X    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.
) S0 v) h& U* V$ e5 n
! S  [, b, v  s1 Y  13.3  本句可以简化成:
          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
  L8 D3 S" [9 j/ H0 ]; H          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
- I. a. |9 P2 e/ L, B8 E8 s; M   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
2 ^/ d8 d& ^3 ^3 m3 G           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
6 ]# f: R4 }! z7 x% p% F6 D- Q   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.