货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
9 z7 ]4 S9 Y  Q6 sship’s rail in the port of shipment.
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
! u/ u: K/ T9 g. \# qthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
7 N7 \( j' g5 H- |2 }6 N, q5 `) @4 z& {time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
- N2 ?3 G1 t! g' K9 I     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
2 i# q% X- y* y1 a8 d. h3 A3 Z! F     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
8 {0 u9 _: M+ \. d  D% P# K7 i     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
8 b3 I2 p' b0 l8 o" @. ?     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
  H! ]. l4 t& e& p6 u- h     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
3 W8 y% b7 I7 ^( K! X. o) q          to the named port of destination
2 f& Y+ H+ J; G9 i. {     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
3 \0 A. G2 o3 T8 N                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
                所以我们要注意:
& @" A6 W# w3 q& P  Z: o                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
                (become, turn, get等).例如:
) u& m7 R/ o! i- Q! g6 G                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
  O7 r% x! Y* g: H( _$ r         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
. z$ Q- W* w; J                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
1 E5 J. Y% |' f# z1 h& e( r         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
) u) b% S6 I' g+ ?  e, G8 B8 _: s                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
2 d2 m/ w' V; G) [! k& [1 K7 ^                the costs and freight)
: |% x/ y5 [8 ]- c     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
7 K. {7 s; E6 @) I3 @8 z* m/ k( ~( X, F           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
( }( f' M, S1 F  I, I4 F  o  13.2  本句可以简化成:
! h  `4 u( W1 O          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
4 E  b! {* y4 k% D% W# }    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
5 u4 L0 X: A% x          后者的费用由买方承担.
$ e* j% K( Q: n1 t" ]
  13.3  本句可以简化成:
          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
' ?( c/ A: T  C4 Q   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
; a2 |! J: E+ Z   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
9 ^1 t- C+ s$ L6 F3 g   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.