货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
0 ^2 r+ [2 R% Y9 J  b1 wship’s rail in the port of shipment.
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
# v. z! Y- v; ]- q4 gthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
2 g7 F( R2 N" b! Hthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
& O0 M' @3 W  e) Ptime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
  a- ~2 @2 d( k; T* M8 X     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
( A- Z' D4 g8 \0 ^" m% v     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
$ {$ N/ S/ s. P5 j+ u* I     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
: H1 [% ]0 Q( a- \     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
: d2 x% W& D* ?! n# h$ E# c- E     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
          to the named port of destination
  q' p+ W& c7 Z& j     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
9 k% V6 M7 E. A                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
! \* R5 ?7 d8 [, V                所以我们要注意:
                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
/ J" [4 F6 A+ |7 z                (become, turn, get等).例如:
/ @% Z# w$ X% d3 ]* x                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
- r- Y3 r# B$ `! }; {0 \& @                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
! ^4 p: F* x3 X( q                the costs and freight)
     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
2 ^& `4 N5 j; E3 ^7 L  13.2  本句可以简化成:
          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
4 X" W/ A$ K, R3 n# u* `    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
/ h3 D" ^5 J- X) m1 N+ j    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.
9 N' ~& T0 ^7 A, }! @  k+ n2 ?
  13.3  本句可以简化成:
$ R. W" }5 Z' c+ i1 G4 C. i          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
$ Z2 N! N! a8 `- S          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
5 K+ O5 b8 m8 ]$ ^2 Z   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
% v% o( Q* D# A+ U1 u           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
7 j8 {% r, P% x( ?9 e. x   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
  I2 Y% e  z7 p/ j; C" ^   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.