货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

summeryelan

Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
  O. i, v$ X- ]0 r' s7 n. K     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
the named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
" K$ c& Z/ x0 S% g0 Cthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
. p9 }2 f6 O& Q6 ^- Xtime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
) t, e) c4 K4 }/ w- w$ n     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
) z' I8 ~3 ?$ }: q2 a$ x& V     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
& f2 R/ e5 J$ [$ B     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
; }/ Y- b) D- C1 p8 l$ L$ n4 _$ x     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
          to the named port of destination
& u2 a5 F: d# @: O9 H     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
. A4 R8 L0 Q  m6 M# |1 N5 W         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
0 P- G7 v& ~7 O5 t3 I. o                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
; N0 z2 w) R' M5 D1 O5 v: ~8 j, Z         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
. {7 U/ C0 i8 y4 ?                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
                所以我们要注意:
                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
                (become, turn, get等).例如:
                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
. d3 m2 N2 w. g         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
; Z; n$ w3 u3 f                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
5 A/ O+ Q5 m! O; y# {8 `8 S1 ^7 C+ p         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
                the costs and freight)
5 E$ P5 R0 ^2 ^  d( O7 G     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
) Y: W$ |: b1 C           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
8 R2 w, Z5 D) ~* U! ^7 d           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
  13.2  本句可以简化成:
. A) _% `1 U+ y1 {' ]2 _& Q3 V          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
" p  V, x& J# H6 Y. B0 v' F          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
6 i" m3 M) {- ^- e          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
1 M1 r3 ]% Z# A8 d, K    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
: E1 D; Z8 h7 s2 e/ U          后者的费用由买方承担.
7 S7 Z6 R3 d& K* s" Q! Y7 h# G1 t) {9 e
( U0 g1 a: \$ k  Z6 V8 o, J" ?  13.3  本句可以简化成:
5 a  d$ d+ e/ w& L5 I          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
- p' c* k/ A( M7 X/ Q  u/ y) Q; E* Q1 p          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
2 m3 n& K- p. u6 ~$ r. `% |   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
7 I1 R: E# P1 C2 L6 E   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
" w" m' @8 ^: b. B2 M( }; [           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
1 I- D8 u$ r8 v3 x! P7 [  E8 x' \   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.