货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
; g/ E6 y, p1 J& jCFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
9 i$ ]6 B) e. e- w) e$ p) M7 t4 Jship’s rail in the port of shipment.
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
+ Q( F0 U, ]9 T9 |4 J; ]9 vthe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
) X  m' y# }5 V- `8 X' Nthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
- m* b4 g8 i4 o) S: m: [2 Ftime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
- D$ r% ]* f" `2 a, q     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
4 {; k/ |) K+ d% D& C; S2 q8 U. v     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
8 H* x. C$ k$ d; K3 ?) ?$ m) t     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
& `* a( g2 g# r3 K: L. g2 R     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
& {1 {" S  o6 ^; v& i8 n+ f     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
- b" W  Z! }' f; M     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
* o7 x( x8 `8 v( N$ z: W, U          to the named port of destination
' a# n9 m& t& r# y1 j: c& @     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
+ G) T  l$ q, i. ?$ j                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
                所以我们要注意:
# j" R1 Z0 f! b/ _) c8 i. D) E) |$ ]                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
                (become, turn, get等).例如:
                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
$ l/ k  [* Z, d" N, Z                the costs and freight)
( s) u. G4 s9 |/ `! ^     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
4 h5 l' X( r  @6 h% O2 f           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
3 L, G5 h! \3 p$ K( ]* X  13.2  本句可以简化成:
" T# K: C1 L$ [          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
( O6 h9 }  Y# n7 D          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
8 k! V+ k6 w6 X3 I          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
% V. k' @0 U9 ~: D1 U$ M: k          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
. \) U) m7 O! w4 H7 P5 M          后者的费用由买方承担.

. d& H, r) f+ r6 R* S, j+ _0 V7 M  13.3  本句可以简化成:
0 Y" H8 q) X( t! O/ L          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
0 l6 M5 s5 P3 K% c2 g          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
6 N- q8 |' S  R: m* ]' R$ t/ \8 I   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
: o2 _) e! B7 c   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
& l9 f( l5 K1 o7 A9 e) t           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
2 d0 J* v1 u% r  ~. r4 k  ^6 x  ~. x   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
8 G' C9 I# ^9 L2 T: J  h& X+ K   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.