货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
5 E% q' i* S9 ^2 n  l8 O7 Lship’s rail in the port of shipment.
6 r6 i; P, T7 U: M) V+ v     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
+ }5 I$ W7 {; F5 F2 Q' c9 Athe named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
: n: ~. q% ~) Y! `' S9 xthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
* e- _* W4 c2 r4 u' e( O+ |     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
; ]" L8 }$ \  {, J6 f13. 句子:
3 F: Q5 ~" k0 C* A1 X: t     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
# c2 o& H) A2 r: ~; m     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
7 q& G* z, h; ^) A0 V     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
+ _; v5 r/ H: R2 X% [% A. ^     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
- x' R' }0 V3 r+ B% p  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
          to the named port of destination
2 S9 v- n. ^* j  E3 Q9 U: }* V     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
( R$ b2 Q% S2 S         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
2 T! C' `, \4 [& u! A0 B# f                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
                所以我们要注意:
                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
                (become, turn, get等).例如:
! }' c+ s& m) f$ U" c+ m                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
! e$ I  K9 Q, q( C, x, o                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
" I9 q# D$ [1 s* c                the costs and freight)
5 Q$ o  k- ^' g2 N     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
% l; \$ c& w% r' r. R4 C) ^           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
  13.2  本句可以简化成:
8 P$ A8 ^) _% N! g, o) v          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
+ I; e& Y5 v. a. d- y          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
; G& ~( E0 v4 Q6 Q& J3 D* p# y! S    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
% e+ S) d% M0 r% k9 C( Y          后者的费用由买方承担.

' ]2 f" @6 T* _# _2 v" W  13.3  本句可以简化成:
+ {; i7 g  }" z1 x/ v: K          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
6 ^- C' G) n; |" S7 e          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
2 e/ g$ f1 T& O+ N1 a   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
: ?; `8 l( f+ y) E% a! T  V+ ]   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
, ^$ |; I- I* W' M3 A   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
" M1 v  s9 w- z% W/ }6 Q   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.