货代英语导读(第2课)(CFR 部分)

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Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
CFR – COST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)
( b1 r! X# e* z9 L     “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
& h' ]7 ~5 J- v: j6 Z+ a( }ship’s rail in the port of shipment.
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to
: m0 w# u4 Q4 c' @the named port of destination (指定目的港) BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
! Y9 U/ g6 ^7 \6 l4 qthe goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
" z% u$ I0 k' O) R5 @. V! T1 Z/ t9 Ktime of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
  m+ z+ }! H5 I4 r2 w# x     The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
$ N. b% d; f5 q) g( v     This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
13. 句子:
     The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
     to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to
4 {$ h) c6 g9 z0 U- o  Z. g     the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after
     the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
$ u: g; ?1 V( y/ J) U     这句句子的突破点是两个连接词: BUT 和 as well as:   
" ^# t' B# l. b) q& {  13.1  the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods
* t; S3 k1 Y# N0 r0 y) N& _! v) r          to the named port of destination
     (1)  英语简单句有五种基本句型.
+ d1 `, Y2 h# e4 p9 M1 U         ① 主语 + 不及物动词(vi.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
                He attends to his work. (他专注做好自己的工作)
         ② 主语 + 及物动词(vt.), 例如第一课中的这个 attend:
+ D" L; o0 o/ I$ z                He will attend a meeting tomorrow. (他明天要参加一个会议)
                所以我们要注意:
! ?5 j" e) g1 I# @. S                有些动词,它既有及物动词的用法,也有不及物动词的用法.
7 B% ~3 C- u8 q  z( w  w" `) g         ③ 主语 + 连系动词, be动词是最大的连系动词,当然还有其他的词
1 o8 d- q) z9 c( v2 N0 I                (become, turn, get等).例如:
                A freight forwarder was a commission agent.
         ④ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 双宾语, 例如 bring:
! u7 a/ y3 ^" s5 [$ w' i, i. B                bring the buyer some catalogs = bring some catalogs to the buyer
         ⑤ 主语 + 及物动词(vt.) + 复合宾语, 例如本句:
                pay the costs and freight necessary (necessary 补充说明
- v+ B6 e8 _; C# m0 q                the costs and freight)
     (2)  本句可以简化成 the seller must pay sth. 这个 sth 是指:
           the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named
           port of destination  意指“货至指定目的港所需的运费和费用”.
( k- U  m1 J1 h. v! c, t  13.2  本句可以简化成:
          BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods after the time of
          delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
    (1)  transfer:  常见的搭配有:
7 {. K8 Q/ \  n          transfer (sb./sth.) (from) (to)
! Z; w4 g$ G# Z          意思是“(权利,地位,状态等)转移, (地方,位置等)迁移, (工作等)调动”
    (2)  but 在这里大写的目的醒目: 让读者注意前者的费用由卖方承担,
          后者的费用由买方承担.
9 C. \, H- |. z4 o
: ?: t7 H0 o, B! v+ S  13.3  本句可以简化成:
8 R! x' y; ]% _/ i          as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the
  V" R2 B% H& w- z5 w, X- J9 j          time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.
   (1)  additional cost = extra cost:  额外费用
1 Y0 O  l! g" }6 {1 @. y0 i   (2)  due to = caused by:  由于,起因于
0 |6 h; z3 S" `5 Y           (注意这个词组后接名词, 这个 to 是介词)
5 k3 ~  A! @6 X* v9 a" N4 s! Y   (3)  occur = happen, take place:  发生
   (4)  as well as: 说明交货后,买方支付的费用可能比卖方多.