Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
1 t- z4 B+ W8 ]1 r5 bFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
' q) y7 f; Q( y$ a: Q0 U “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the 1 ?2 v" @% t! m y& ]* q
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means A" |$ \7 V) M* _$ o; P( T! S
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及# U# n: ^ \" w- r. S
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the % l7 \# v- |- ?& j f5 ~
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
5 V' c. j# ^' W" p3 b1 i. {5 h2 h! |9 aonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
( D. X" O9 U6 {! e- D6 k: y8 z10. 句子:6 Q: E5 Y$ h6 R% _, _" [% T# g' }
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or . ]4 ^; B0 `1 v5 {. l5 ?
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
" `' ^: X8 B+ L1 n, d. {! m- ~1 L 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担./ e" n* o8 R$ X2 d" Y
10.2 from that point" D8 ^+ {% O4 C% N/ [! D& B
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
# z, `2 h7 e; v3 e/ x N) }) f' w port 港口
! D+ r" w8 f5 s+ T& {% j place 地点
/ j) t4 ]5 ?# v8 d# ], u j point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
; w! e+ W2 y l4 M# q7 b q6 l premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
b( F! ^7 i/ Y) _% m 说明: + q" [$ m; t" r. f( f" h, N+ Z
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
1 ~' k# p) C. O; f2 A+ x' m- P 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:5 V: ~6 V7 D, i
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他8 E: \- \. L9 e$ l3 L& k6 j
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的$ N e+ X n* W! C. E. y! T
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
- ? d, f9 d" s3 G, f7 s+ @ 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
0 H% _: i6 F, l$ Y# R: R 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
0 X1 k) f, B( t% {, ?, I11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
% w5 S; A0 O! x& L: j& I require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:& i+ @' S% |3 k' M% W6 m. s; T& |
require sth (of sb),
, B( j/ M3 e8 S( y! x require sb to do sth,
9 C7 t; w; {" B2 Y" C require that + 从句,
0 G* n. ]: _+ Y2 Y! y! {- y' H12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:! O( O7 x6 S, a: X3 `* L. f) B* R
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:* C% D6 [! |4 y# ?& W( f, y) ?
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside8 t+ q5 f& B2 n3 [
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
, n% x; {: h& W, { p; w7 o% O& T1 ` 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
8 ]# I2 D D9 x" \ 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)9 U* u3 n0 y6 t, A
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
$ q, x. r/ H6 q, ?( v6 I railway: 铁路,铁道9 }9 B* F3 c9 O
roadway: 车道. r( K, ]4 R- Y! Y% j: U
highway: 公路,大道
8 N- v! _: F. v1 K, L+ D4 V1 N subway: 地铁,通道) g) h# s7 A# _/ M
airway: 航线 , \/ X' q/ \/ }( h+ F
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?( B" T6 l& o: w. y
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