Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
/ A$ F$ f$ z4 M% j1 sFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)% O- E5 w6 p6 \, w! i0 \
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
; l, w1 I2 p- \$ C# r J) Yship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means A7 L9 m# p5 D2 g5 k( W
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
4 Q7 h |& I* C. V6 f, N3 y% y, @损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
# E! L. a$ q3 j& ^4 X4 Xseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
: R" a3 W) T- |. fonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
( i5 H, G* `9 P1 v1 Q10. 句子:' |) c9 Z3 X! Y- U/ x
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or 7 O7 c) C( h ?6 ^! J! i0 @ J Q
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
9 o# k( [- j* @ 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.2 D7 e/ l8 m; v l8 d# v
10.2 from that point! ~3 y" s1 u1 `
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:) x# S6 f& B! ?: |, p8 |
port 港口' e+ D: H7 n$ }! O
place 地点4 S) @6 S' q6 D) H. X2 U" s& }2 x
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
8 X: a1 ~/ S& V& M% f7 r0 E& b premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)6 s( w$ f6 |/ O6 t1 H' r
说明: $ t$ P1 p) f) c/ E# X1 Y
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分' e8 j1 `. i/ h4 n/ Z; f
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
5 R ^; J! g" y 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他
/ q$ B T# }3 \3 I6 |$ m 情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的 c: K0 G0 a4 e. ^/ d4 H+ G2 w7 Z
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
q+ c6 S( q5 h4 s1 D: ` 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
7 A6 h8 z- k& h4 a) w5 E 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
3 f/ {" h6 Z" n/ x5 x11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. A4 ^, q' }6 [) h
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
" |: H3 o' W4 p; \! `1 G. F$ g7 { require sth (of sb),
' {) J, E$ ^# B( f% J5 a require sb to do sth, ( t. X# o, c* ^2 n- d$ J8 X
require that + 从句, 0 ?1 p& G+ X; j, x
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:1 o7 f) E& e: G* v; w% ^7 l' k- `
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:/ s8 I! |. @% z8 B) {
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
1 p! ~ [2 c3 K- h# n) l (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:0 T% G+ e/ s# c2 u6 g
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
0 U! U1 z9 S. i S, ]9 Z2 n 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
7 w+ O7 i2 b- j- h/ |6 Y 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
0 ?% N" [; ~( ~& m' T railway: 铁路,铁道3 }* K" L5 @4 Z& X2 |+ \# `$ |0 K
roadway: 车道
! l; l- G1 x2 ~- g( O0 d8 v" d3 i highway: 公路,大道6 {$ b# t* T: O2 Q
subway: 地铁,通道
& b1 [ T, \* V/ S+ h1 u airway: 航线 : q# {" o! ~3 ~: b* z, A
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?( ~9 }8 Q4 h) b6 m* r/ z1 D
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