Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
L+ Q5 H5 {) x6 j; `9 JFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
# U" V: j0 K& W2 z% g" q “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
( |: \5 @% o" C2 s1 K( Fship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means ^8 S+ f9 F- Z3 k0 ~+ \
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
$ ], @6 l% q5 D) I! b+ ^2 F0 `损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 1 r6 z& j$ D3 h) i" t
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used 3 h G' s. r. l
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).5 _+ Z- q! x# F1 f
10. 句子:2 m/ z6 o. I9 k. ?# W9 A$ T, j
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or ! u4 f, K& T7 L
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:8 [8 h0 F+ @/ J6 c- B6 ]6 p( }
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
w/ O8 S c% W3 z' K/ U 10.2 from that point1 d0 y% u4 W" S' O5 h/ I$ F
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:& l# N! m& W% R. k
port 港口
8 O0 g3 z2 v& n/ [" @ place 地点
4 |' z# t0 Y' q% G) p% l point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
' O' l# x% w* t5 `- o premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
2 H9 c" k7 s3 I# e& a 说明: 2 u4 h+ Y6 h$ K& a
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分) v) [2 }0 a5 p! }* V& R
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:3 Q) k- l; Y: X [1 ]
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他 ^8 {) {/ R0 ^* T
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
# G3 t d. |! m9 M$ L# f5 o 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的/ `6 Z8 {$ u$ r& q+ |! N; N q
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
4 X5 W( q( J1 {) n' \5 Q2 f1 O# c# t 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
8 M, a7 ]/ Q2 x {11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
' P: I4 T0 U- O/ e* k5 { require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
+ r2 l( R2 L) b1 f require sth (of sb), x9 J: h/ M9 @1 r4 n2 j2 Z' n
require sb to do sth,
9 i3 M; e' z1 o! m require that + 从句,
1 [0 v& c8 G* v- k- ]! b12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
% ]4 b4 g9 Z2 o' v4 u, ^ 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
$ y, b1 P" c3 k! h1 J1 g (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
' }' J# k& z4 {7 A( J (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:0 v8 x9 e" J) G
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
3 x# \3 r1 c6 L1 R5 }: N 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
# k7 s/ O$ H+ t/ w' y 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
4 q# w8 g8 G( M railway: 铁路,铁道
, m7 u# V) Z! F% n1 `# b roadway: 车道- A4 l3 T' z/ i
highway: 公路,大道- Q: s5 }; {; ]8 d9 e$ n
subway: 地铁,通道
F, w" I8 R" V. x/ w6 [ airway: 航线
/ a, L1 v7 j) s/ x- z5 ~ 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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