Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms* }7 n7 E& ~% E! B
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
9 \) q$ o( k9 a7 p! x9 F7 J “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ' F8 _* m. M. E% q; o
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means $ D0 j; j4 E+ [. a2 Y) X1 r" w
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
5 j7 O+ f0 z1 C3 a( T损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the & l; S7 c4 o. P; _1 E3 [# V% g" B
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
# N: W7 D! M* z+ {) ~# |only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).' Q9 W% w. |" {- B, M7 V
10. 句子:+ p3 p7 y5 a' y* D7 r
This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or $ S7 r1 u" l0 b& o6 r9 X0 x- @
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:: s$ d4 `# K' y5 Q: Z
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
& x) e2 F0 A' i% d1 i 10.2 from that point8 o: B/ V6 q% `) A7 ]% ]# P( |
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
: |7 Z8 r# F0 w% [- o port 港口
4 b2 A/ Q% W- Q! @3 f% {, t place 地点# S( p& K9 L% W6 M* o+ Y
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)- _: i4 F# u. Z' \
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)7 K6 q M9 m4 ~( K& z) u
说明:
: r5 _- i! l, c2 X7 F/ U 关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分
' J, M7 I. [$ p7 z) a 等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:9 p( N7 y+ m7 ^7 u# t% z: J
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他5 b3 a: F9 M6 b
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的
& ]2 D! R% O- f0 c 某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
; Y* M; C" |( h3 c- k& ?0 t! G 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通. Q% m; E- k0 \% g% c
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
$ i9 l) |) R! Q3 f( x: T6 { j# d11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
" ^/ Y" \1 p" T require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
, j' b2 O9 i& I9 S, u# B require sth (of sb),
0 W4 w# J0 t. K& Q3 q require sb to do sth,
& w+ F! L s& _1 |6 Z7 c require that + 从句,
" g) h+ g3 V! S) G7 H12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
% d& k- }) R4 T: r3 ] 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
; e; a! k" w* ?5 A3 d) | (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
! l( a5 ^7 W" x6 a1 V$ T (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
& Y0 L$ j! j9 u 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)2 c( ^9 {7 j- o. |' z
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)* H( A7 B; v1 l* J/ p
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
5 V' i6 s+ a, j" l/ m; y/ } railway: 铁路,铁道
3 l' T: A) \7 s, I$ }& a& X roadway: 车道
; m5 e& a7 V, V7 t) W highway: 公路,大道3 s9 t+ h" Y: \4 _/ N
subway: 地铁,通道' o0 f/ Q/ J/ C) Q! f5 ~. a
airway: 航线 1 r5 w' s1 T& s4 T: ~
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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