|
|
Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
- Y, i2 \) i; G/ e Y1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
" M$ ]8 t q9 F& v" j. N 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)- q4 J" |' G+ P/ v7 ]
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)' E. o0 B" z+ J4 m% o
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
% J/ \9 w7 n9 d9 a1 F4 _ 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
$ S0 R) A" Z! a0 W1 ^/ ^ 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.5 b$ f( M: g, ]* J5 \2 s
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales, \) S- w/ S/ V! q4 B3 K
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
* d& H+ y2 ^# P4 y6 c invoice cost.
+ k y# |; }' [. b, t0 k/ I# f 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.; }2 @# G: B) e
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟: A; `# i d; Y1 g! Q( }- I/ u
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
3 Q4 B; I4 ^( }/ B1 d+ T 110% of the invoice value( _5 L* ^& \- L. c
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%+ p z, B, u( M" N! E; R% s3 u! d
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost) |- q; u% {) _* H0 Z
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词2 b+ b2 `/ K1 C4 g1 d4 A6 j
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against : `+ O- S* J0 i3 Z0 A8 f9 P! w
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
9 W2 R' O' G0 d4 Z& x 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险. t2 i" _% ]8 P" _. W
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …% h3 }9 g+ n5 u9 F, |. D+ Q
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
3 t) Q( @7 [( y- [3 P 解释“投保”
5 n4 h" v% j, o$ U 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
* `. }, V3 B ^- l% y0 M; W 注意3: 其他词汇1 L2 _: F. ?- s4 R, g6 [
(1) insurance fund 保险基金" L5 @" c5 `! E' {
(2) insurance company 保险公司 ~5 ^3 Z. z0 y* p& n( J0 f
(3) insurance contract 保险合同 l1 M* _% X' l& T/ q, C8 t: S
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
. e4 n( `7 Q! ]* P$ b6 ^' V (5) insurance period 保险期限; U5 I+ y+ J3 `' e* a f2 T: Q/ r' Z
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人
% \7 m, M6 s4 @, D! J (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
5 a7 {' Q* A/ [/ s( u (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同* L" T6 y4 {3 f7 L$ S
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
6 M3 y3 f* U: R# W" @+ |. v (10) insurance amount 保险金额
' _1 i! k- e1 S( [4 l4 O: Z (11) insurance premium 保险费
% v% _" x' K8 T) ^9 }3 f8 D (12) full insurance 足额保险5 P9 x1 e: u5 ^* }: c- h
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
. x) L$ M( i4 k6 S5 |0 g/ Y/ X/ v" d& H (14) cargo insurance 货物保险) m, G# c7 t+ i9 ~. L1 J, p
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
! Q7 @5 _. P' \9 G (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期+ p7 J: R+ `- S: D4 N5 ~
(2) valued policy 定值保险单1 O4 m' z3 s. p0 u
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单" O# ^! ~7 }2 `
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
; i, c, K$ o1 z (1) rate of premium 保险费率
4 j# K% X/ u( x2 V/ z (2) returns of premium 保险退费
1 p# ?& e8 _$ ~( u7 `& {- { 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
& D M: I/ q! p# q5 s 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
& Q3 H# m0 M+ I: v 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. ! n' a( s* c; q4 L- i Y
(损失不在我们承保范围内)) G7 X5 I" z: X
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
2 p% e! C, S# p- U) @2 n the insurer and the insured.句中:& [# o( e- [/ h# h) U
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词2 c( X; R3 k) o4 H8 i% c6 _3 G0 Y
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有$ [7 d: h! S" Y& q
以下几种情况:
! n1 x, \( U' H (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外7 T! E% x# W) i" U, @4 {6 o
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners./ t' r$ E+ a; b, ~- I
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.5 \) c8 |" f9 D( T0 k
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
: I8 t. r2 y. i# F0 W' y 例如: Eve left the room quietly.2 i/ g/ C: m% m8 d
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
# S0 r! ]9 g+ q$ D4 U 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.7 g) A( x8 e9 \6 [
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
8 Q& ~+ v0 x7 D, f' b+ s 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
' A" N1 g! |; t$ _6 K1 K 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见. C) B# t& ^: F* n/ W/ `3 z
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.2 S( C4 {! K C1 o
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”8 r" A; p( y1 h, j
! B+ f% s4 H7 L
3. 句子:
' x, Q+ \! [, Y1 @3 H/ ~7 j, G6 { The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
6 `/ e0 u3 z9 `2 s within specified limits, that could befall the other party.& d. Y2 j" K: w% S$ N
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events 6 x) i) ~" g) R
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:0 m& o& q! o, ~# P/ B
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
" V# I/ q5 D& j9 \4 X/ G 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the * z6 H% U* T2 Z( J# T
return of the goods.
% G) r- G& }; Y$ H/ l 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.! c1 e$ ~* U- i2 M
(2) 满足 (需要)
$ d4 U9 v9 j5 n& H) O 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current - `- k# ^; Q7 Z* C
demand / your request for this type.
) ? }4 g3 d" P 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
( D; J# W0 h6 ~8 Z 3.2 consequence 后果6 z& {. H, |. M! ?% `
3.3 certain 某个,某种.
. {' P3 N8 I( J. p+ p# f 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
j9 v9 E, I1 i4 N 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
, }# @5 _' _* H" o2 L 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
1 B X ?+ O( J 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情) u. V# j" I- Z4 R$ C( I
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
# c8 `/ K V# I8 e$ Y4 m* u 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” - T" n8 _ X7 O5 r
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件$ n6 P- c4 J7 ? z9 D1 a
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的, `5 j8 G) _6 L4 E' \7 D
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
8 |0 A, Y3 j7 f* `- M- w. {4. 句子:
* ~. @7 F1 W1 h8 n The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
- v% f& K9 R$ M- X. e2 R7 s assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:- g4 ?* }; s: W. f% N2 G1 _' j: d
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
& W" S5 ~' I( v; g
$ s& r- L1 j. T' Z8 a; b ` 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
2 |$ x) d/ D' k/ b- {: ^ 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿., ]/ N( p6 @: a6 a& a3 T
5. 句子:
5 ^; v; C0 Y G5 p. R% n3 O$ t* `/ ? It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance 2 R2 y' ^+ e8 ?, M9 a
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the & Q# P3 |1 V Z
owner.1 N9 f, d; Q! S5 g
我们把句子细拆就明白了:# Q* ?% m( w7 ]6 T4 {' W
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
2 y1 E1 I7 }: Y1 t% A owner of cargo. + U2 P6 ^3 H7 j
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
+ v0 y. w; C+ w (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
* |# v, w& i Y0 }& O representative acting on behalf of the owner. 6 i- Q& H, K5 x0 z8 i
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同., k! g0 l; s2 C3 S
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
% z4 o' k. E8 G) N owner of cargo.
: x8 o5 Z; u5 \3 {. H 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.7 A) m/ J8 t0 J8 V# G: ?
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
9 `3 P+ c a$ k& H0 w) c: g representative acting on behalf of the owner. $ H" O1 o, b! D
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.
^' Q! D; e+ R* F6. 句子:7 B/ h; b0 X, R# g3 b
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to * c( E2 I' H, t4 j
insure the cargo in transit.( O1 S' {; I5 _, A. b
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…) n6 P: b" ^& i) ?
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的) j! s0 O' S: ^8 d0 V! g
& r+ t8 a: B" b( t# M7. 句子: J$ l" {! J, _; j! _2 T
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
( ]+ A4 _) n' W and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
& l* D1 Z# O% L9 N6 z8 h- @ or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
' y3 Q# A- o6 } i3 d, L7 q: v when he is handling goods. 4 n1 R% P& N" T% ]6 l
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
% K2 X& h( |# g* \8 C" i: T it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.. d Z) U Q8 ^
或者
/ g/ O; a; d9 i6 ^8 c7 R" p it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
; Y+ V g2 |) Q0 r* k- Q instructions or information when he is handling goods.8 ^: g% ]0 B% o- E9 o1 h
7.1
' b, y! A) {( o( W it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
' y3 `2 D9 X. [ = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
! w2 k& {3 R% r- M , V! X% N, m# K2 g
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.! C$ T/ m9 Y/ }; }* W/ e2 g! }, @
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,; S! K4 g: E7 q+ U: h0 y6 x6 e% G
主语就出来了,即:
4 {$ z6 c% }2 ~) } 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, : w2 z s1 a) e Q5 C
同理,& `: Z4 ]- G8 r. O$ g2 m
7.2 0 V; ?( R3 f( M7 ^ B& f
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such : U; _# J! @6 W3 t7 B% Q% _+ Q8 r
instructions or information when he is handling goods. + h& S) F" x6 r6 V' I( e! `
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
% V- n; W& `) { y- [' r when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
4 E( u7 h3 ?3 ^3 X+ m 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
5 b9 K3 W/ \9 r4 v& N4 G6 u( y 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.* V- W+ T% Q6 P+ }0 r5 r- ]! j
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
z% P. B" T" S7 S2 \+ Q6 B, b8 c (2) handle的解释通常有:/ u7 p0 n+ w7 D: h3 g3 @
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
" ~% i7 w9 p6 F) X/ K ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
( ?0 v8 {' h2 ^9 \1 \( K
) j6 M: e+ q4 [ E. C9 |' _# v |
|