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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance3 Q _/ B: W3 {* h
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:6 k1 S6 w" j! K% v
1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
! x9 S& `; ?' h a 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)- o- ]% M% B$ u' ~5 G l1 M! Q
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
) i. m- }& P+ K6 U7 D1 x% ` 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales., g/ A/ p2 K# s: Z5 t4 ~
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.& p* ?) H% e0 n/ X
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales; Y% e2 ]) t* C, m+ Y+ z' Y
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the
0 Y& ]6 i. i/ H I invoice cost.) m* P' g" X5 u* t: N$ \# N2 |0 W( ]6 N" {
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
+ u" |! u, ~* G$ V8 n) U 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
+ N" K/ K8 U3 X5 F( Y1 ~3 ~, @ (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 " q- G! d5 f; P# v3 {
110% of the invoice value8 C N Y# q0 i7 u/ [8 Y
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%! h' K1 |! F) l* { p- E/ T
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost, V4 ] z8 b& r3 }
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
/ h% M* }4 c. G4 p9 D9 G 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
/ |6 ]7 h( ^- [' ?7 W All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
/ V- `% r' F0 E- \ 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险." ]% p, {3 k) Q
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
, z1 ]) x! T2 G+ n; j7 f; a- s 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
; X; O2 j5 S/ z# t3 s: y. w 解释“投保”
& e6 `* X1 h3 t' f: @' s9 p0 [ 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.( V# `: O) E4 Z3 ]/ d$ Y
注意3: 其他词汇& `5 u5 O/ G! T1 _
(1) insurance fund 保险基金
; c& I7 @9 f5 b p# ^ (2) insurance company 保险公司. M# J& T& i$ M. `2 ~
(3) insurance contract 保险合同
# C& L/ q/ e2 C( p (4) insurance clauses 保险条款5 U r- a; } g; i
(5) insurance period 保险期限
. p; `& W& U2 o& f1 a (6) insurance agent 保险代理人+ x1 Z$ l' E7 N; j
(7) insurance broker 保险经纪人4 T$ _( b" k4 _6 L
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同9 e' e5 m, \ M" a7 m) o
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
* B, ?8 W! r9 k$ j. r+ j (10) insurance amount 保险金额8 w. A3 F" H/ k( L- X- G
(11) insurance premium 保险费
5 t7 G! @+ s ]0 E! w, I (12) full insurance 足额保险7 c# f$ F- B- a$ ?/ D7 ` X
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
* | K0 P9 |+ K- D6 ] (14) cargo insurance 货物保险: B) I" [8 D1 L6 `' e! M
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy): t6 {- D8 U! C% E8 O: |
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期+ |& y2 C, j, C8 g: `: [, X, {
(2) valued policy 定值保险单
- R9 h) |4 i# B1 ^% b8 I (3) voyage policy 航次保险单
: ~7 K/ ~( F! n 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)8 w+ l2 w" L& h: R: ^
(1) rate of premium 保险费率+ _- x" O+ T) S8 h' R7 {
(2) returns of premium 保险退费6 ^( \! q$ g8 |2 I, k0 s
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
3 ~- z6 h5 `# u% Z5 C 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)! b+ f: |" o' i: L
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. - W: p' z' m! `$ s9 p5 N
(损失不在我们承保范围内)! d+ l- T5 t W+ O+ ]9 Q/ B# o
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
E5 g7 ?- r6 ~0 ^ the insurer and the insured.句中:4 E( F" a' r v7 J3 ^
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词8 I, s( d* L1 o
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
- e7 ]- P i0 p' z6 Q+ ] 以下几种情况:# R; j7 V! y6 _0 ]( T9 D+ l
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
5 f$ c$ E9 [3 j. w, s 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.6 T3 k4 M. b4 O: Y8 }
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
, ?; f2 L* @, H: R (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
) M5 x( ^! F `! F) Y2 b. V& P 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
9 w8 T$ q% w) K' _7 _! O6 ~$ X (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
) n, w* |7 S( z( X 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.' f% H5 B' G: Y/ E+ c' H B
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,8 k8 [8 u+ S" Q8 T9 _. _0 }
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首5 f& i9 z" i& G8 ~9 D
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
4 Y, p9 H* ~0 G1 E, P" }. p- j: c 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
+ P6 O1 {- r/ e I 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”9 r% ?2 ?' X9 D, N7 B0 J. Z* i
8 w. @ f4 W) t8 ^2 O3. 句子:
# G" D1 K, ^) ~& B }# f The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
- l9 o5 @( _$ v" f( v c% t$ l within specified limits, that could befall the other party.9 g0 P2 ]$ p2 t9 {( q! D
3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
& r- s2 P0 q" c0 t4 ?; S meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
+ q- M, f j) B" K( ]; C (1) 负担 (责任,费用). [- v/ K+ q' i m' w
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
7 a7 ^7 r1 T9 m: z3 b! p/ @ return of the goods.
4 w+ M) D n- k3 f, a8 ^ 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
; D) j, v8 C" O4 T/ H$ ~& o- a2 y4 t (2) 满足 (需要)# E* N/ W$ I( x+ ]
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
: f. e& ~( b5 \5 U$ Z- F7 z3 f demand / your request for this type.
; x8 B6 d' E* g' l" D/ {1 T* y R$ y 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.0 D% w n* f+ k0 q
3.2 consequence 后果
" w6 e( U/ R- Q+ p) M& q. h 3.3 certain 某个,某种.
* I* E w' ?# a" R 例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)- h- k5 @; C) y; M4 ]
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)5 y/ Y9 f$ W& [% k* e4 `4 I3 Y
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内
/ U9 j- A1 S4 G( j8 a1 t" T( z 3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)5 o/ O! y( f) j# l
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中, H! o4 k/ O( ~8 N. _
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
8 f- I; j9 }0 }# H& e$ v 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件2 Y" z5 w0 Q1 @9 u( v: b1 J
是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的( K. r0 }3 z* }3 U
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.- ~' }& O5 c; c9 A
4. 句子:
# h7 d$ A# m& g7 I1 `2 v The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial ) A: v* T8 {& T _1 r# ]+ L( u
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
; l$ [2 e) }, a2 p3 R/ j W( V secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
2 s( a& c" u$ \- E9 E: r 1 G& O" u6 J4 @. w1 I
进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中. } ]; b$ M( G- W# v$ H
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
5 A# n" E4 Z1 G$ \# s- x( r3 O9 o5. 句子: 7 Y' C8 R$ s8 u9 |4 S
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance 8 |0 c( z, x5 T, v- `7 l
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the 3 ~- J9 i0 P Q
owner.
( n9 \, O/ O5 L4 X4 g M) Z1 s0 }$ L 我们把句子细拆就明白了:- T$ ~6 b4 W' D# l$ @5 P) L: k' `
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the 9 C* n' ?8 k" i6 F0 S8 X
owner of cargo. 4 y: _1 m0 T. P9 a- H1 }: j' e- L
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.' d8 k3 f- ]! ]8 ?; m% v6 D. [
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a . c8 {& H( O. s" m+ s' m0 v
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
. ^6 c, U* e& R8 l2 |4 n# C 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
; v$ j& a% \$ |, R. C (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the 1 t$ f$ Y. M# J/ ~: |0 P# T. S
owner of cargo. - F: \! _7 e1 T- V; l5 L2 I( N; Y
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.- Y. B0 k3 {: c, m: A% j
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a 2 B5 |. z* R+ Q- }
representative acting on behalf of the owner. # H( L6 U+ j% E, T4 T
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同., N* W7 ?5 w2 H. U9 Q: c
6. 句子:
: m3 U% q6 Y! N7 {# G$ n In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to # S( d2 L6 h8 b+ K: N! T
insure the cargo in transit.
% i0 ]! \+ T) \: L0 r" e; f* J 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
* L% p. `! g! ?* d+ A7 n 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的7 e4 b! z- S4 u/ _* x
2 V/ Z. q# ?. `% d* J! b3 u) M7. 句子:/ F, Q$ V% a7 E
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible 8 R" x# |9 H4 I
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo ! d* [, ?* _: Q3 L1 O. w2 p
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information - H7 }: Q. L6 p/ Y+ r# Z
when he is handling goods. 2 p6 l1 r+ G2 S( ]
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:. c. ]# l E$ Q) e5 U
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
5 e; r, L( @. M. m! { 或者 + z8 v- S9 b1 E& t' w, Q% g6 J
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
4 d! E- P1 q0 n! L instructions or information when he is handling goods.# x9 L6 \( A* g f9 L
7.1
; Y/ ~: `0 A- G Y7 \ it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
4 r6 l; C" g7 \ r$ n" l2 H) a = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
" t8 n7 ~. f" q # w6 D3 M/ ?* C6 v) j& T
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.$ _. l8 W/ i: ~- J! g; L
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
8 P2 r: l+ l- f. ]/ g 主语就出来了,即:* H# f: \4 g& ?+ |: S4 O! l! X
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, # B. {3 e+ k$ F' l$ u
同理,8 c# u u* Q9 G
7.2 : g- ^; U+ D. D5 z, H4 M* o
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such # t" N) s) {! p( L+ F
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
! K. i( K Z P7 b# w4 l = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information ( u; Z$ }7 D- l: T
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.
/ E* L$ q8 m* Q& R4 m 意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,6 ?: d- W% V* C2 C
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.& p$ M) ?- K1 \8 U& N: R
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
: a- z$ Q2 w$ q% E( e9 p (2) handle的解释通常有:
7 A# l! o8 n1 M5 J0 {! C6 R ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.+ ^3 C7 T8 k, H# `
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
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