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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance
% n( o" l9 u. G: G! Y- j% v1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
$ r: |# G: d2 g$ I/ Q 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司). p; I" Q* }2 r. L& j( C5 F' {% |
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)3 n# r: K# [7 |; r
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
4 @1 I8 V5 ^. n; v5 N8 m. Q 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales., _, j& r: O/ ~: C8 ]+ n7 W/ B% v4 Q
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
0 D8 i2 E$ o% o 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales8 z8 r" @1 G# e! F
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the 2 s+ m8 k, U' g, w0 j' j) P
invoice cost.$ j+ ~$ p9 ]/ \/ C p
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.7 e9 A. k: S4 ~/ d$ P! y9 z1 M
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:! h( o# w( J. p9 s
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 7 i7 Q( Y) g8 {7 ?) ]+ F) d, |
110% of the invoice value
2 F; n/ }; O$ V- K (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
1 ^0 A- ?8 \3 G& w (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
" m9 Y5 C" K$ i9 m5 @0 y 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词' X- H% ?8 b7 s9 {/ ?2 p
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against
4 G0 ~1 s `1 c8 o$ R All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.# H( Q/ r: f. e1 d
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
0 Z, [% K' [' B 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …- h: W! ^/ l& V7 V, M
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
3 p0 P! }3 J M 解释“投保”
% O8 m# {4 M6 Z- ~3 s/ W 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
4 L" v: \9 ]5 b# y0 ?2 R: W: N 注意3: 其他词汇. I+ [2 S$ D0 d$ E/ u% u& W
(1) insurance fund 保险基金
; [$ I% Z) g9 J8 _4 K3 F9 | (2) insurance company 保险公司% {0 ?0 z; B! P' {! x% j$ m; o7 Q
(3) insurance contract 保险合同
3 P: R' M( a* m- g8 \5 y a0 o! z (4) insurance clauses 保险条款+ H8 Z' V* W2 W1 n. v/ o J
(5) insurance period 保险期限& W% N* X% O6 H2 K% A0 O
(6) insurance agent 保险代理人
; {; g$ J! z/ |+ ]3 h1 H (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人4 X$ p! x2 b2 t; H* Z- i
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同' g/ g4 S, P- z
(9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同5 D, f3 s6 T0 S0 J a
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
% q3 U& I' I5 M (11) insurance premium 保险费5 R; R! a, E2 H0 m2 b5 Y0 n2 z1 ?
(12) full insurance 足额保险
, X1 B! y& p( p (13) marine insurance 海上保险! t& U1 |$ X8 ?$ o5 _6 c2 w
(14) cargo insurance 货物保险" c& Y1 W$ k0 D7 o% v9 J4 [
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy), l) ~* H+ ]7 r8 u% |
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期/ ]7 z/ i2 d7 @+ e2 v- E# J
(2) valued policy 定值保险单
2 g3 k( t% N. I' P) a/ x' N& h7 B (3) voyage policy 航次保险单
" J8 X& A; h+ E, Y 1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium). S3 ~$ w$ D4 V/ P- ~
(1) rate of premium 保险费率
2 H$ {* a% r$ [4 \9 d- O1 r (2) returns of premium 保险退费
r) n$ q, @3 [3 ], @/ H* b c 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”
2 W# X% n# B2 q" H. z; k 例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)' w+ Q) A5 a$ q3 M) ^" r8 M
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
1 F- R1 H8 G; }( F0 {" x (损失不在我们承保范围内)
$ b. g# ?' [$ `2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely , V! S ?- A- W2 k: i8 Q6 Z: E
the insurer and the insured.句中:0 B7 h/ ^& [; O+ N- m L7 n% ]
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词; S2 b8 E+ C' ^: H1 E) P. |
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
M Q' H( X5 g3 g$ ]- W 以下几种情况:& `9 C) J7 @2 a7 \6 t0 |
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外9 t3 v9 ` `# Q% ~; l: `7 \2 u
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.' g( v5 w! n$ P. P; `
例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
1 F' R" ~9 t+ _ (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.8 w0 J3 b4 J. @9 D6 N9 F* F
例如: Eve left the room quietly.
5 m& O ^& W5 ~( z9 V& }) W" N G1 } (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.
2 w1 _3 Y: F; \! v4 @ 例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.; d+ t1 U% M2 j
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
8 S; D1 m# f# W4 b 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
4 N G; J+ I, P* t/ R 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.! }/ O+ x/ K* P# i
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.' y1 ^( o& c3 r" T7 ~! z$ D* J
2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”
Q2 _( P- U! v8 a `6 J! R4 s" {* a3 J+ d9 ] `
3. 句子:
) O% E9 b' j, r The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, 2 p& H$ k/ x6 x9 q. k
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
) {7 q5 C( K* W4 D9 l 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
2 w: ]* z* B: P% E# \ meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
& ~$ ?+ j6 F0 j9 D0 I+ O- ` (1) 负担 (责任,费用)9 I# @- _; W# A/ ?2 Q* K4 z: `7 k% ~0 V9 z
例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the 9 a2 x: u( y/ E
return of the goods.
6 M- z. n1 ^! z6 e* ~6 R 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用. o. Q: `& b* H) y5 t) A
(2) 满足 (需要)
1 Q4 p9 E q# S3 @ 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current 5 k% H' r3 f3 k) @$ ~& |8 r
demand / your request for this type.
8 `3 V U, u( a! F# m8 ^; x6 l% |' n 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
* o: e5 q8 {" X+ n 3.2 consequence 后果
1 ^9 v0 B" ?( |* M 3.3 certain 某个,某种., ^5 w) }- C& {* h
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
. R" M6 X1 ?% E: t+ u K 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)" w$ j0 u- a9 b! y
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内: [4 [1 g/ X$ G" @' v5 _
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)/ S l: l3 F0 A, |
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中
2 J! E7 {# H$ l% z# s7 B 发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
/ Q) E' l. m4 d [6 E 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
* r3 Y$ t3 E1 T# w 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的8 R& r) ^, r$ r* z1 [* \& ?0 ^+ \: I+ ?
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联., f" n# ^3 X3 E
4. 句子:1 t$ {% ?" R, ]: g
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial " Z, B" }7 ~! _! Y/ Q
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:& [1 r( M' S/ M% I
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得8 f* K7 W) a4 ^- t1 i
, z0 V# O1 t- T) B( q! \( w% |2 a
进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中
- Q- ^7 U. _1 a. }( k. x; ] 约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
! _+ R$ @7 E; @; A0 ]9 l; X5. 句子:
( \# M" L$ r1 M9 N' g It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
1 ~9 E. i1 C6 {% {8 M! Y broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the : u- W+ ?# d0 l8 ^
owner./ D, v4 Y; e% [9 v7 c
我们把句子细拆就明白了:- Z7 I3 O2 q) x) V' E- Q- U8 t
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the - J5 C' l# q$ `' A8 K8 s ^
owner of cargo. / t9 r( p; ]: Q3 b) v$ R5 @0 j1 a( N
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.$ V2 g2 L( _# o8 O; `" n& l
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a - {( N4 F( {9 Y" ^, e" g s
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
0 y$ D2 _- u n 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
4 q! |7 M+ _' S" P9 | (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the x2 R# R- R: G, ]1 x: F3 K/ U
owner of cargo.
8 y1 a& _( k: |% h* y# @) f 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
3 b) i, F7 I/ q+ H4 r (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a 7 O7 G9 H# ^1 G2 i, O
representative acting on behalf of the owner. & z$ J9 G7 D. S, W- R- g Y% A
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.% c) X' w4 G% J% C- E2 q
6. 句子:
; o: w; {( x* z7 H2 u5 o In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to 6 G6 @, t \8 P$ b5 `
insure the cargo in transit.1 B. Y9 t- x' ?2 r% [$ r
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
* X) D6 y( [0 o! v4 b* K" o 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的# d- ~2 v( g1 k9 @3 n! |
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7. 句子:
4 B* t- {5 w( x; B7 W7 {5 M+ q It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible / z$ U& g/ P2 }6 W" U( A
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
; \2 C$ i2 L7 ^; q" o' a1 [ S or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
: y+ i2 f+ [: I8 W2 ^- a when he is handling goods.
& O+ A0 e; ~! R 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:" s5 d) O% n+ ] Q4 p( }# a
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
: `7 |! Q8 Z3 `$ K3 C4 } 或者
. ~ n( }1 {2 x# d( j it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
. L. h: m: B1 M2 d' G* n/ s instructions or information when he is handling goods.' S( I; \/ D8 y8 T/ }
7.1
6 l* L, E+ _; y; Q' M& E& v it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo." [3 r$ I* s! |# e( C4 W0 }
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
! Z7 c; a' N/ r: U' I5 S3 Z! m$ \ 0 _2 w7 w6 U1 C8 u, \$ b. x* G* J
意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
1 d0 T) `% c9 e$ X+ D& Y4 m 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
1 A }& {' v9 Q& Q* V( ? 主语就出来了,即:. w2 P; n' ]* [
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, # I- ]/ n2 N% p. E2 P6 X$ m
同理,% k" R/ i# y y4 c
7.2
2 n7 ]+ ?/ v5 {- a) K it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
8 B# U$ E9 A) `0 d( F instructions or information when he is handling goods.
& i5 [! w) d; M% {2 T& c/ x = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
1 z# h8 X. w0 ?9 @# a# x when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.7 B2 N& |5 `$ p# R7 |% t9 F& ~& D
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,* t) Z1 P5 o2 g( q6 ~% e
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.: ]8 f, }+ |( N" s7 n; F
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
+ B& Y5 B3 h# D& |: N (2) handle的解释通常有:2 O% m5 |/ ]& c, b8 G& Q, E& [
① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.
- l* g1 z5 c/ y3 E' R$ Z ② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.( {' U" y! a& z0 ~8 g
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