Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
# u* p" l8 X: c0 R' [5 ]/ c* ? Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and. q1 [6 x5 u0 x% c
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
# V$ ]% ^, Q; y! {& s9 w$ N# Bundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
1 n0 m# D& h# K% D0 Y' Cstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or ( Y* w) _( F1 ^5 s8 _. ?
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected $ x1 c) a2 w8 u: U1 W
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, 6 o9 |7 z4 y2 C& A" t. I
these services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
% b7 u( {2 e. q6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 2 {& y X( t1 Z R! }) V
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
' G+ p7 ]( |! X7 W1 O( Y = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
% y, ?0 r3 G) J2 r: p- T 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. ( O/ U: V* g" h" V0 b
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”# S7 R! ~6 V) H. m0 `7 B- L
6.1.2 attend " x2 K( f) s5 r, }9 J, e- h
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
7 \/ C; ?$ v3 n (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 1 y" j& t! a3 w
例如: attend to one’s work 7 _9 k: N+ a' Q" D8 n5 J
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to' W1 S; ^ a. ]' I+ C$ y+ o- E
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
/ P* C! M, ?: k* q# h 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities0 Z* R' \- Q, t4 D" O
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
c& ^7 \8 K5 e! b7 \ procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
- [4 o; L! Q/ O, ~9 `* g: c4 @ procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” ( G/ i! W2 X* M" N
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
% Q$ J& q7 m# R `* |+ p documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
( f n0 W1 V( A8 `) T* [& O documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, 7 @+ h; R. B: T' g5 o$ {8 a
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)3 k) l# |0 y( t6 u
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
* P# y; u) D# |& O% { (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
+ g6 w( s9 v# ^& o8 t the customs formalities (海关手续)
# ^) g( I5 v7 h* o; d go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
8 p; A% n# P% ]- L s2 z7 I句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
5 C, m! `: `+ d' P, z1 P 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. + z0 J+ M9 t) l1 D! e
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
$ s, U+ I" V4 X6 ^ 繁杂手续的话…
. q2 S0 G" C' |3 N6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: . b% C) b7 _8 t* ?5 e* m
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
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: J1 i* R' W7 F% N5 j6 u/ F* x 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
9 x4 z4 E3 E9 o# @ 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
! ?! [9 H* H* z' f: ~: U the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
/ M a7 R" e1 d 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 1 t! q% ^9 E; v: ?5 Y1 F
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:2 N$ [9 Z' z# t" X" p
(1) process 名词.
% f. }* |" P) \- o4 n9 j process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
d" d' q. S1 e: S" F 例如: distribution process0 G0 ^! K2 V+ f) ^. q
(2) process 动词.
2 q: N0 r- B# ~ process = to prepare and examine in details3 g6 A. [! c1 j4 [, x+ i
例如: process the movement of goods. I4 Z5 q7 X( j5 P8 q
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
2 q( k0 h! Y( V l! y% } ... through the various stages involved. h* |2 M% g' y4 a( w% J# l
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action. }' Q/ [* W4 o$ A3 b) s" ~2 w
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:/ s( |1 f' w0 o) Z
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
) G, q2 z4 x# X3 e, B (2) 包围,笼罩
5 Q) F3 ^5 q: t$ { (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思& m5 F5 U( Z$ { C
7. 句子: % E6 @% \' r+ y6 y7 H
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through # a: i% ?* z9 u
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
& m: v- E; u' w" ? 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:# K" [0 W% t5 \. {9 A7 y
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
! I2 F) [# T/ J$ o2 p* B 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思7 O8 d% q2 B4 G! {5 H% ] K4 G
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
/ R! }4 e4 P& U submarine (潜水艇)
" E" \0 A) N+ f, G subway(地铁)
* O2 }( a. [3 T% ]: [ 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
. S0 |9 w5 f" g8 F7 z& g8 v subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包3 \) b( H: E% i" z+ {
给第三者而签订的合同)5 h8 C3 p# e# V1 ^
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者 k1 L. s, U5 t" A) U |2 j; {+ e3 G
subagent 副代理人
% v, s0 O; ^. ^ subcontinent 次大陆 0 Y$ r- J# r* X' i. K" l2 [4 S: H
subsonic 亚音速
, S3 g p7 w- H subroutine 子程序
; \ C/ _+ r* Q) M 7.2 关于这个 through :, Y4 @: F8 A* Y& P+ f- B. [
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.: J6 E# M9 C5 \1 w
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of , K4 g9 c- b& ^) L \3 q; A
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
' [8 K) ~+ ~3 q# r, w2 M( V: y' g" i C 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
l0 Q4 C" G" B$ S: B 这个 through 是比较常见的用法,
/ k, l! v! Y. }, Z through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段) |; P z; x0 u, u" C+ M3 C* x
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)6 t4 F4 j# d* @. U) U+ G2 |
8. 句子: # W& S( c" l- t" D9 n
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
! M2 V" G, I( _: ~ overseas agents. 在句子中:+ y4 m$ b J8 t' s& X9 [% ?* `
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
- ~: Z# W: w7 J9 r3 ~- ^ 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
: q" }% f5 O1 a- a 其形容词: utilizable
1 W& A3 W8 ?- r9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:( j$ R, \4 F E/ A' V
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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