Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services7 b2 {9 a& i# }. W5 N' x3 j! x
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
; s; q; s) c0 _ ^4 l1 `5 Wdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who 9 E1 y& C' J) P
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
, h4 s$ Y( R. |; ]5 I5 I' d' @$ zstages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or ! m/ M% e5 r% I2 z5 f
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
) n! ?' W& z+ {to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, : E1 j- Q+ m% B; k% ?0 i* D
these services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.5 L& u9 L. P2 V6 m1 v* W
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
- f" O" I& I( A& b2 ` Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … $ K4 Q; C% |2 e
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …! v. Y3 n& L8 p; G, F% e. Q: R' w
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. * L5 I- E8 g' H( x$ r- O
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”7 a6 c) e' O5 r" B: b3 L* {" B
6.1.2 attend
+ E! Q0 G! {: [' L2 U (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting 0 b$ ^3 e9 s: | E! L! I4 }9 z
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 7 O. I# |2 N) |, A- `
例如: attend to one’s work 4 Y! B8 ~! w9 N: ]4 Y2 i# K7 r
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
+ W/ f% s" s( W' ` (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to
, H! V. V) c4 m/ E7 T3 t 6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities0 ?" q. s M5 D( X1 H. U2 w: h+ e6 B* j
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
& F ^+ t: J: _) n$ {8 Q* I( ]& B procedural 形容词, “程序上的” ; _# Y$ z! H0 ]1 D
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
* `% Z, V( G: I% Z2 N1 j- P (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
- o/ N0 i/ n8 m( n/ B. `! v. s; m% } documentary 形容词, “单证上的” ; l& h [) B$ E; [2 c' p* C
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, + }; \ D& V2 n( n5 G
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)3 [+ |6 f0 l8 K) D* V6 b
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
1 y5 N, s3 h# X7 I9 i! x% `/ ^ (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
( k c* ~5 j" L! p/ b m the customs formalities (海关手续)
, o' p; ~% _/ R& c go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
9 N/ u2 M. q9 A6 S0 G句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
" R5 m! j; }3 [' y2 x 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
+ R- ~. |8 `* E- S K" i, p) p 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
# t6 `( _# }7 j& M8 Q( R, {+ V 繁杂手续的话…
# g1 \1 F9 U8 b4 E! l6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: 1 e0 L6 V* i' q% T
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement # R. X$ o" s2 e- d: E# g$ s5 c$ Q
of goods...
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( o3 n* \8 B# z$ o+ v J 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
# X6 y& @" P0 i. `4 k2 @ 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调' O9 u6 H; b7 @- W) x( l( M
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
6 U9 f+ F6 H, I( U( I 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
1 Q- ?$ c# y# A 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
0 Q: ^! a/ o; {5 p6 J1 ] (1) process 名词. 8 \2 ` j8 \- a+ \
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
3 ?$ X( Y. G" H5 M& U1 o 例如: distribution process
( o) F/ [& }; L. q! g (2) process 动词.
; e5 y7 R) Z- S1 j. \ process = to prepare and examine in details. A" i! k/ y2 {6 F. h0 V
例如: process the movement of goods
5 C( [" o/ G( q1 e句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
4 u- j1 B8 V( ~# `7 z ... through the various stages involved. q$ d R) x, r2 q
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action9 c( U) }: S, ~6 x( [$ {
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
5 q* m. T% W( W" f) i1 b (1) 使...陷入,拖累
" @" ~: h- U" T3 g! ~( @' G3 D2 ? (2) 包围,笼罩' `% B" [& i# z) {0 s! ]
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
6 J4 G* x. L% o: `8 ]7 x; h2 I7. 句子: ( T3 T, b; O0 K' z, ?6 \# I
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through ; @4 n* s# r5 `, i; U7 d
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:/ x" n3 G" u) x- F2 w; i" U
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:' K( x/ H' L4 u3 {8 | g
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.$ }0 I- C( Z+ X3 t* }$ T+ z
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思" r4 z9 ^) B# C' Z; m5 F
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的1 h) b: I( `5 Z
submarine (潜水艇)
) ?' _. i- D/ @" U# S subway(地铁)! c8 d8 h5 i6 ~# \- V5 a: J
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
! v+ L% d) R5 x; M! u. K, f' e) Q; C* O subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包) _( D* U$ z$ g4 c
给第三者而签订的合同). @6 t' i: k1 S1 J; U( q
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者2 m4 h% L5 R+ c7 F& ^# ~. k
subagent 副代理人
& d9 H* d) g8 R# I7 M& y, p subcontinent 次大陆 + a& N: M" c) I$ ?$ ?& }
subsonic 亚音速+ n! P1 Y9 i+ {1 v+ I, S) y
subroutine 子程序
; O% a$ I4 F/ I2 W9 o0 L) _4 I 7.2 关于这个 through :
n7 l. u k3 V2 M0 r& q8 x& [ 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.; H. Q$ J* X3 J* x( {" F7 o
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of " J7 G$ f6 p% ^5 y7 `
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
6 q* d7 S. |+ F6 c0 b' f 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.) b3 x( N% r8 k7 J4 t7 I$ z0 y
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 3 @4 X9 W7 M( `! D$ \
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)
% I: ?4 `0 G) p2 z$ k5 y5 ]! f through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)* m9 v6 T+ B" g3 G, |& z9 o
8. 句子: ; N. Q9 P/ Q% n0 T: P% g( E
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
) s( G c' a- [ overseas agents. 在句子中:% \2 g, Q: q$ M2 j
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
% N" e5 M+ r; o3 l 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)' ?4 `) S- r1 U' U3 J0 S* s: N
其形容词: utilizable
% b. V; N2 w% S. U$ [) ~9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:" n n$ K' q' W$ N, q T
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思( p( U7 r4 \5 C( A3 C
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