Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
# d N0 |* G. r8 d+ Y8 tFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
# u* A0 i' w3 y7 m- B “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the " e |- N% {" J6 ]
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means
% |! A& L( }* {6 nthat the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及/ [* \0 U% E. j w
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
2 }& _ ^5 f! s5 J% B0 nseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used + u1 W# k* m" {0 K7 C5 K, i9 p
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).
; H1 t3 |! `5 u2 t H0 }10. 句子:
" I. k+ x) k3 B9 ^ This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or 8 M' F D N1 R& A$ |/ r. ^) {
damage to the goods from that point. 句中:
. r. N! \4 p8 ^/ ^& J9 L 10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
( ^6 l4 @8 u! _- L2 z* ?% a: z& m 10.2 from that point
, N2 F" w/ }# k+ L6 E 在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:6 ^) E8 R0 v I
port 港口
( q, y; n8 B$ K place 地点
9 K7 C" u# }4 z: ?7 B point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
6 C' i$ E' X/ ]7 G$ z. { premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)
4 ?" b5 J4 K2 r G$ a0 c 说明: ( T9 G4 A2 P9 {3 b
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分& d$ x* f) U( O" r$ _6 j
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:# f, H( R$ i2 K& b1 R6 j: C
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他% N1 K- v. D- F" z* \" E T
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的9 @7 I0 `6 P# u' r
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的. r7 z; U" |, S! _( E! S
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通2 D. N7 o; m5 S$ s' @ N
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
% y# P Z( i/ d4 T( V11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
8 N. c+ M& K/ C3 [/ W+ O require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:! h' w) {' V, [6 R0 F E
require sth (of sb), 3 U4 {- X/ z0 k& r+ {7 \; |
require sb to do sth, 0 E; u2 ` O: H; n7 f2 T; E
require that + 从句, 0 G: y6 f- @% c/ N0 d8 c
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:: L L# y' b; U
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:7 S3 ?2 \3 u! K, o% M
(1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
" H( ?3 K/ X& P | (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:* p2 a7 D! H% T+ j/ Y
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市), p8 W! [' f# Q. u
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)
( T( m, g2 W% n5 K 12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路7 p$ z5 I0 {- X, d+ c1 i
railway: 铁路,铁道/ x3 g# K/ p9 Y% h
roadway: 车道
, v* \: X p( u, q highway: 公路,大道
5 m% u# O \/ a subway: 地铁,通道+ B' \% H( t* v! X( i
airway: 航线
- y% E4 u/ g9 H 从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?- P A% ]! m2 n- s O# ?9 F" M
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