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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance% J- M8 v& A' P$ h- t3 {+ F5 l
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
! L1 C5 f: ^. M K- b 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
' E2 m; a( W8 u3 F 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)( O% N% _% o; B% O' h! |
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
; `6 F/ v. G# a 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
9 h% B% `1 O/ _& L/ C, n/ b 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.* u% E0 x A3 \2 C- b
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales* v* V8 U* ^) _5 P. y$ t2 p
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the , h. a# w4 A6 l" b
invoice cost.
$ T, |9 q5 z2 y: y5 M- j }, _ 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.+ p# O6 ~& ~" H7 v/ @ e) Q( ~
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
o }/ R3 L. _ (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 ' f4 s! z; F! q
110% of the invoice value+ c& @1 y J% w' ^+ b$ a* |- J& c
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%- C( |2 @; f) p
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
0 q- b/ e* V$ h u 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词) O) S# M" @7 U2 |
例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against / ]( W7 F8 l5 {7 |) ~. L' o/ j
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
# E4 o5 `- e3 P# o7 h& F 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险. S: a% {& J7 ~3 c) L) i: Q
注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …
/ N& d' {. X# g 注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
. \2 o6 B! m1 i d 解释“投保”
- S& T. O% W6 O8 }4 j 例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
- S3 ]6 O6 P! k+ n3 Z, ~6 M 注意3: 其他词汇
$ o5 a- D! m4 [ (1) insurance fund 保险基金1 a) {& d7 P3 z1 T/ C1 M
(2) insurance company 保险公司
- G2 D7 w6 p3 d1 @, \2 s (3) insurance contract 保险合同
# r8 a. a Z: |' W (4) insurance clauses 保险条款( t# ~0 H1 \; |$ D3 {# ?
(5) insurance period 保险期限
2 E- z" @% v, N4 n$ M' s: ^2 h (6) insurance agent 保险代理人
- F. W+ U$ P" U+ z6 ]( _4 ]( M (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
0 P8 g! ^4 z. Y2 o J6 O (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
* K( F. v( Q9 h; @- [/ y (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同0 |' W9 F/ [+ X3 j' s
(10) insurance amount 保险金额
1 E8 S8 j# B6 u# u# W# E) _9 w (11) insurance premium 保险费! V; h7 g* R% `7 L
(12) full insurance 足额保险
6 A. c& X7 y8 t (13) marine insurance 海上保险
4 n7 E' _3 f. {' `/ U4 s, V+ T7 _: z' @- D (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
! \% r7 i0 _' s( z% w 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)
" a ]* E/ t5 G+ v, B% c! z+ q7 I (1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
4 Y2 T/ G0 @9 I) |. z (2) valued policy 定值保险单, R) ^# W8 X* U& w6 c1 y' _ {$ H, M) o
(3) voyage policy 航次保险单0 Z5 `/ H9 U3 @
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)
* o2 H: q+ Z1 g" v% ] N5 ~3 b7 q6 A (1) rate of premium 保险费率5 b: Q% T( Z+ a! D* B4 w
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
% c$ F0 N" \" X p 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”: q. q1 A4 k x% g
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保), _- p( K. z, i n
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. 8 G! M# i& w2 M* v1 S. |0 C
(损失不在我们承保范围内)
+ q1 ?! o" H1 J8 ]# Z( g2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
) q ~ Q+ o* l( N! ^3 f the insurer and the insured.句中:3 ^ U } R: \9 U3 I. c
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词. a. E! S) {- c7 \6 q: e. n
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有
" H* r' X5 {/ z, o: k8 j% p8 i M 以下几种情况:. {5 o% E1 T) ]# n: g' n4 E4 e
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
' e% ?$ T% @7 K* H* Y 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
# L) W2 {# O! h5 h 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently./ B, D4 F- U& h0 X' ~ Y: B: [
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
: k1 G5 w3 E+ [. C o- W0 C 例如: Eve left the room quietly.: z# F- O, U. W; @- _$ r8 C" {
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.7 u1 S0 b9 R' V' ?; e7 z
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
: s) ]1 f' e! @ (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
3 k+ F0 n# K" k' X9 c 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
) W, P4 n+ U% j9 ] [8 e$ Z0 G2 i 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
7 H6 E9 U7 e3 O H+ b& W 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
+ c {7 f# u0 [: r5 V+ y- s 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”8 \- X' R$ [ D0 ]$ P% ]
6 M( U. n( y8 ~4 h% v# q3. 句子:
- v5 W' E' o0 D The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
; P+ Y$ S ~; B6 E0 G within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
2 _$ _1 s" Z5 K$ q& \ 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events $ _/ ~6 @- p3 V6 e# _
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:( \1 E; P! [- M* Y. V) B
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
! t( X2 ] O/ e6 V# m! I+ [ 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
W7 x7 T1 U' u: ~* J S* I# v return of the goods. ' U; k, C$ y2 `! L9 G6 r7 F
译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
4 A$ I( p, h/ z6 ] (2) 满足 (需要)* a/ l5 G' C# a7 A. k# ]" B1 X% U
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
X! m. E$ g. {% \5 ` demand / your request for this type.
' Z0 D5 D. o3 ? 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
0 S. ]# m. a' i& B! O 3.2 consequence 后果8 K6 P5 S3 D& n1 w) t5 l6 q q8 u% h$ y
3.3 certain 某个,某种.$ d+ Y1 u1 ?' C, D/ H1 }6 y5 o% W& `
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)
/ l1 m9 B+ N" h 例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)" u5 W: V) i0 J8 |5 s! ]" k6 p
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内% l6 D3 W9 G# [$ |
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
9 o+ v3 c. p- i8 Q) i 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中" x2 F3 I0 u9 }/ v) g; L
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.”
2 Z& n: u: \- R+ j( }# V) ]# S3 } 字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
, w8 Z; u- k" X% Y; l* n+ ? 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的
% M/ T. w, }: D2 Q9 X; j 保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
S% E% o: d: D9 N, K3 |4. 句子:
3 i* N5 V6 B1 g$ W0 A The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
# h1 { N" `3 ^+ b; [ assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
1 z: z6 b, m' h2 C. W# Q secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
7 P1 ~: c5 s5 r0 o2 e/ O6 _ 2 K d2 C4 Z0 h$ G# T( O h! q% W
进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中6 w6 W. B: a6 F
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.8 R; c% U3 z" x6 L. K+ ?' `$ l
5. 句子: . D5 l' \: j! S# ]
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
" A% [0 q: C# Q" i: K broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the $ E# @2 |3 R/ R7 R: q( a
owner.
^& l; D2 j0 i8 i 我们把句子细拆就明白了:
) t8 d. t- O* D, m (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the
, _2 p+ G8 ?$ c' ~2 s owner of cargo. 6 O c6 c! ~/ e
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.+ z% {2 N4 H2 L& |4 ?
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
. n, g6 r" K$ v2 ?# D( A/ g representative acting on behalf of the owner.
4 y# |6 V8 P$ k" Q: x' W' e( w4 M& e5 D 保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
5 ] w- J( s: c* X7 b) z9 y (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
0 O! n- R* X2 j; B owner of cargo.
. a6 e, ?' ~' A9 f7 g 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.+ P- q) J/ [" {
(4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a . p1 a3 U& C, |8 z) \
representative acting on behalf of the owner.
' y ]: T* C$ a5 M( b- L+ o0 m 保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.- c/ [+ k6 ~- Q# P2 J
6. 句子:5 f' M! o" c' O* _/ I& T; X" h
In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to 5 f L' \, v) A; V7 a( a/ A: T
insure the cargo in transit.
r% D9 F- Y" l: F1 [ 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
: [' J0 v3 F# O6 p" O& Q 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的8 ^. [4 k* A ]' J+ X. u
0 a+ K+ q7 t' @7. 句子:
2 b Q1 X3 b6 T @: }% W It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible
1 N; i( K. J, d m% y$ y, S and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo % V9 {. |9 e; {) H/ W" e; a4 T
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information 3 Y. e& b5 `: g7 U
when he is handling goods.
# t! d8 i9 Z. Q) S, B' g 这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:" v( S3 e g D+ D; Y# c
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
, P3 i: O: ~4 }2 v 或者
8 b7 N# Y% i7 C1 o it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such $ C3 w8 w/ h N0 }
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
) I. j2 ~6 P" ^* j 7.1
U4 c5 P# J* ]- e2 b7 G it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
6 b. m4 O- n' y( m# L9 D$ z$ c# J2 ` = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
* G: `( J! B4 W9 O6 w
0 _$ f, g. k$ A( Z$ Z 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.* V1 ]3 z& a9 L+ @
我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,& o8 G/ v/ I& z$ Q+ Z* ?
主语就出来了,即:
9 \2 _. Q" x* U l8 B( Z0 H 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…, 0 @; C& C% L- l" E7 ~ v, H+ }
同理,
! V# p- f+ q; r# n. L 7.2 % c5 w$ s% J4 Q) g, l F; _
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such % Y* O7 e; A1 p7 N8 o
instructions or information when he is handling goods. 3 i7 P3 p$ O8 T, s9 ^0 n
= To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
% P" `* l( X+ k- u e& t when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.3 g3 A N* b+ a$ K9 r
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
9 _& n _% D5 n4 ]+ l: Y" n8 P: |% ?' }+ L 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况./ l) D' |; ~& Z$ z- Z5 k
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对9 N; f2 R% Z* {" B- i3 ^; ?: I
(2) handle的解释通常有:
* D% `/ l ^% u% K ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.2 t! l' e8 q( G( q9 r* i' i
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
8 T" ]* Z! x- W3 L' x" E* _# B1 I. q5 Q g9 S
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