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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance9 w5 C7 |% A u" }5 [
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
) v: \' N+ @/ P* `% B! X3 s 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)0 T( h S% z; g5 A3 w, L. ]' U7 q" U7 ]
1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方)$ X5 S. \- B" d+ ^: v( l3 G
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词
% ?1 @8 i& Z) }' q 例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.+ V/ g# f9 R" k$ k! r$ q# @; y
译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.
: [; m1 x/ o: H" s* m6 W& h* ]% w 注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales g( @& |, d1 h7 B9 q
再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the / Y/ V) I M; t# @+ P+ ]+ n
invoice cost.8 N- k) [/ }+ I8 {1 z
译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.
/ m3 I! a7 s1 [7 A' {% M& E- m# o* M 注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:
* K2 R! E5 m8 r+ v9 c8 X2 k w0 P (1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或 0 A8 w! _7 x/ P+ N& S
110% of the invoice value+ }& s# |/ h+ v9 Z! y5 O' u
(2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%( i6 ^6 s) d! d2 l) R
(3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost; N: V! T& S G( ?& ?+ E" o& c, ]
1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
0 v2 s# F" j. j6 m 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against . @1 e* w4 |' u( m
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.
& g/ R) g+ C/ y" c 译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
% u+ z0 c: _" i8 b$ K 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …2 E; t, v4 k8 p/ F. Z1 j, Y
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,! x [5 K: w+ X
解释“投保”( f* ]2 P7 b' f/ F& r' I
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
) N6 o) S! v: X! J( s# Y/ s 注意3: 其他词汇
* o; {' \+ [$ ` (1) insurance fund 保险基金( h8 Y- a1 K# L# g
(2) insurance company 保险公司2 Q8 A/ _; u6 n7 K
(3) insurance contract 保险合同! C, w; z- b& O" H8 P
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
, Y3 e3 a2 ]. o/ n1 S: Q' p (5) insurance period 保险期限
; j' K$ {$ K% A2 O (6) insurance agent 保险代理人
* d: N# B9 T( o (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人
/ d0 F2 g- ? R (8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
0 A9 E8 g$ a/ Q (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同/ N, `# c/ f% a% ^+ m2 v2 s* h
(10) insurance amount 保险金额2 x4 J9 {1 S3 o5 p Z
(11) insurance premium 保险费2 B. q8 l. p1 S
(12) full insurance 足额保险
' _2 T" h+ ~6 ^' z (13) marine insurance 海上保险
$ c& F% p1 t3 z5 r! j4 ^$ m (14) cargo insurance 货物保险. R( ~; B! Y" v) Y& s
1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy) W' V+ B$ S1 m: B
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期% W( {3 O8 E$ n3 ?: A" F
(2) valued policy 定值保险单
! R3 A; k! B, Z (3) voyage policy 航次保险单0 H$ ^+ D2 B7 N+ I/ u- d% G
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)2 q/ D% S7 y; O( u
(1) rate of premium 保险费率6 r3 H9 k }- P) d
(2) returns of premium 保险退费% ]* ~8 W A1 }/ h& j4 K
1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”) G5 g" I% X1 a# _7 z
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保): a3 U) \% j* `& v0 y; @
例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. 1 ?; z. p) g v0 M' E8 }2 ]- t
(损失不在我们承保范围内)! B( N$ w' |3 b6 k2 J; F8 X* M! I
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
% c. b4 F4 S# \0 y* q# i# z2 n* f' ] the insurer and the insured.句中:
3 X. l1 Y/ @7 a' E 2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词# }3 b$ s5 [1 w: M
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有5 D! J$ w& ]4 |3 }
以下几种情况:
0 q) `! Y4 q. F: V/ Q (1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外; [0 O0 b+ Q! P5 ^4 i
例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
' d R4 M. X. u1 e/ W 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.+ W! Q3 `7 S2 u' F. I& [
(2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面.
% K/ Z' ], ]5 { 例如: Eve left the room quietly.
% P- Y' R6 ^8 ] (3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.' |* B' X" N% I! O: w8 z" F* U
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.# B) |% f- ^4 B( v: L0 {
(4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,
* x! V K' Z" U3 F& P 如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首
- l# O) J: X2 l8 T% I1 s 或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.4 G3 K4 E* H, @2 \* |# |) m% n
课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
8 ^8 f/ G" d( @( w6 b% V- j7 w 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”
5 ~ y6 [' v8 z; u; ]8 R# Z5 }
6 Q' A5 _5 M) Z8 y9 j3. 句子:
: L0 k7 O1 F2 t" M. w3 X The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events,
3 |/ k, E' @6 M2 f4 ?4 \% a9 c within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
/ i4 d+ r" N+ q7 j$ ] 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events * R: K- |5 L7 i( j: \
meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:
, B: M b' g& l$ P- h3 ^2 J$ {& U (1) 负担 (责任,费用)
9 ^' m/ h: j+ Q" p 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the / a4 [: I* H" B+ s
return of the goods.
" v, W0 s \4 a$ W. `1 W9 E 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
- t3 O* D9 |' a) t- B (2) 满足 (需要)9 R$ ^% E% M& O6 U# f) |
例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
- H/ X9 Y0 ^% |# q demand / your request for this type.; A8 y. r! @+ ^& I D9 A6 M
注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
6 ^, x0 L' V" q' U! M 3.2 consequence 后果! ` M$ k! k3 y6 W, ]& ?7 J8 e: b
3.3 certain 某个,某种.1 d. a4 j" M& I( o ~
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由)) F7 s/ y7 E9 }0 B' ^* d$ e
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)$ w, w0 T# V% w( `- H
3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内( d9 {6 _1 u" F" G- I. _2 g" y% W
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)
+ f5 @2 H3 X# G 3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中1 Q" s$ l3 d0 E- F: l* N) K
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” 4 Q6 F2 O+ O3 w8 C: g* c2 F
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
9 @" O- K0 L; R% G3 W 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的- h$ ^1 _; S4 f2 A
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
9 t/ S* X" }" ?# Q, W4. 句子:% V, B: U# L) f
The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial " n( x& R5 q* \4 f* `
assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:4 O* Z% y/ @& F& T* e8 i- s
secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得8 g% u( O+ o6 U( S# w
; m* |) u" n8 n# l1 y. I1 z) J 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中; ^6 H' y3 w" C
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.5 J3 j9 F, A. M
5. 句子: / B# O/ y L7 s+ N# P% a
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance
$ J. ^8 c1 c. S( _; p( z broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the 5 w4 j! X: z9 b) n3 F
owner." J) B. B/ f5 ^3 u" b B
我们把句子细拆就明白了:
0 @% B/ X- t7 | (1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the 2 E- X& m, i0 t% H/ Z
owner of cargo. ; O) R* I$ B+ H+ @9 D* l9 u
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.( X2 m5 b( o* A$ `2 [
(2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
4 j7 K+ b) P g& D* n2 V representative acting on behalf of the owner. : C$ N% Z2 \( l9 X$ a$ R! Y
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.
$ H2 A/ P& l/ R6 A ?5 U$ W (3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
) h8 n$ t" g1 h6 d( h0 z2 M owner of cargo. ( L8 u% K" z4 b' S9 {7 C1 M
保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
8 t: A2 a0 \9 G3 |& R) E (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
# q+ G& ^: K) ~" Q1 B% ]- ` representative acting on behalf of the owner. ) [. i2 d4 ?$ @
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同.* \& F) w- k" ]6 k, C
6. 句子:
1 y+ y4 H) X" D. x9 m) B$ v In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
2 L& m; N7 ^ h; K+ ^ insure the cargo in transit.# U* A( s3 a& ]0 U6 o/ ~: @% N
6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…
' D y h; d# N G# S, r 6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的$ i3 h: E& }$ U0 b
% F' P; f( a a. a1 F4 R7. 句子:0 W7 \5 Z: p4 {( b4 K9 m, n
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible # z& E; O0 i4 B+ E. F; }* _" p `
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo - o7 B$ A0 T! a6 o, w
or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information
& `, f& y& [- f1 K% V: Z when he is handling goods. ( {3 R& [1 B' a+ }
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:: ]( ~4 B! q* r" O8 j% P
it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
5 ?$ Y _+ R( P) [% }) U* @ 或者 \% K+ r# z# h2 y8 O {
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
8 _2 K% P: ^+ m: B0 Z3 | instructions or information when he is handling goods.3 S a) n H% A" g
7.1
8 J5 @2 }- k$ r, y, s, Z it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.; w3 J. P B7 X
= To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.7 N* u& U1 @0 _4 f* S& G% e& C
6 ]9 V) E8 M. g( _ 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
" v2 V8 s k8 g4 N5 D 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,8 l- a! r; a( [1 }; T0 x) c. x5 ^
主语就出来了,即:
" F* P9 ]7 X" S* [7 c. { [ 对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
$ u! \3 y0 x# j' S! O 同理,
$ u! B8 s. i$ X9 W! y) I 7.2
* [: U: t( B9 z9 s Q! J4 u7 f it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
7 K, k, I" ~* u; j/ ]! M6 s instructions or information when he is handling goods.
) k6 K3 F$ L6 H3 Z f = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information
7 d9 _3 W& T: c when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.! R) k; b7 E; J6 i- ?! W" L8 Q
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,
; V6 z' j; u d0 g& q; T 要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况.
1 r* e3 W; C! a! _: N, S; r8 h* l; _ (1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对+ k8 E3 Q1 P" T8 e: F! ~
(2) handle的解释通常有:
% B5 q/ p1 x: }7 e5 @! t ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.0 K+ ~7 D; L |' m" C
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.7 S& ]/ j, Z, U4 @; w, A0 Q( q
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